INSERM U955 Eq7, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Avenue de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, France.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2011 Mar;11(2):137-44. doi: 10.1586/erm.10.122.
The lack of accuracy from typical prostate cancer diagnostic tools led us to investigate new biomarkers. Prostate cancer gene 3 (PCA3 or DD3) is a promising urinary biomarker of prostate cancer. This specific noncoding mRNA is highly overexpressed in more than 95% of primary prostate tumors. The feasibility of a PCA3 gene-based molecular assay based on the detection of prostate cancer cells in urine has been demonstrated, and a quantitative PCA3 urine test with the potential for general use in clinical settings was developed; the Progensa™ (Gen-Probe Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) PCA3 urine test. Current data from the literature demonstrate the superiority of the PCA3 score over prostate-specific antigen, in terms of predictive value and specificity, albeit with a slightly lower sensitivity. These results are particularly encouraging for the specific population of patients who have a first negative biopsy, as a PCA3 assay could avoid unnecessary repeated biopsies. Furthermore, limited data have investigated a correlation between PCA3 scores and tumor volumes, as well as an ability to distinguish indolent from significant cancer. In the near future, combinations of multiple biomarkers integrating PCA3 will optimize the detection and characterization of prostate cancer.
典型的前列腺癌诊断工具缺乏准确性，这促使我们研究新的生物标志物。前列腺癌基因 3（PCA3 或 DD3）是一种很有前途的前列腺癌尿液生物标志物。这种特异性非编码 mRNA 在超过 95%的原发性前列腺肿瘤中高度过表达。已经证明了基于 PCA3 基因的分子检测方法在检测尿液中前列腺癌细胞的可行性，并开发了一种具有在临床环境中广泛应用潜力的定量 PCA3 尿液检测方法；即 Progensa™（Gen-Probe Inc.，圣地亚哥，加利福尼亚州，美国）PCA3 尿液检测。目前来自文献的数据表明，PCA3 评分在预测价值和特异性方面优于前列腺特异性抗原，尽管敏感性略低。对于首次阴性活检的特定患者群体来说，这些结果特别令人鼓舞，因为 PCA3 检测可以避免不必要的重复活检。此外，有限的数据研究了 PCA3 评分与肿瘤体积之间的相关性，以及区分惰性与显著癌症的能力。在不久的将来，将 PCA3 整合的多种生物标志物的组合将优化前列腺癌的检测和特征描述。
