Metanat Yekta, Sviridova Maria, Al-Nuaimi Bareq N, Janbazi Fateme, Jalali Mahtab, Ghalamkarpour Nogol, Khodabandehloo Elnaz, Ahmadi Ehsan
Faculty of Medicine, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Department of Infectious DiseaseInstitute of Public Health named after F.F. Erisman, I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation.
Discov Oncol. 2025 Jun 11;16(1):1063. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-02888-3.
In recent years, due to increased exposure to ultraviolet rays, the incidence of melanoma has increased significantly. Despite the progress in early diagnosis and treatment methods, managing metastatic melanoma remains challenging. Resistance to programmed cell death (PCD) is a hallmark of various cancers, including melanoma. This resistance can affect cell growth, survival, metastasis, and resistance to therapies. In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been acknowledged as master regulators of various biological processes, including PCD. This regulatory network acts as a double-edged sword in melanoma progression, either promoting tumor survival by preventing PCD or acting as an anti-tumor agent by inducing it. Such diverse functions make ncRNAs invaluable as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. This review explores the multifaceted roles of ncRNAs in regulating different forms of PCD, comprising apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and anoikis, highlighting their potential applications in melanoma research and treatment.
近年来，由于紫外线暴露增加，黑色素瘤的发病率显著上升。尽管早期诊断和治疗方法取得了进展，但管理转移性黑色素瘤仍然具有挑战性。对程序性细胞死亡（PCD）的抗性是包括黑色素瘤在内的各种癌症的一个标志。这种抗性会影响细胞生长、存活、转移以及对治疗的抗性。近年来，非编码RNA（ncRNAs）已被公认为是包括PCD在内的各种生物学过程的主要调节因子。这个调节网络在黑色素瘤进展中犹如一把双刃剑，要么通过阻止PCD促进肿瘤存活，要么通过诱导PCD充当抗肿瘤剂。这种多样的功能使ncRNAs作为诊断和预后生物标志物以及潜在治疗靶点具有极高价值。本综述探讨了ncRNAs在调节不同形式PCD（包括凋亡、自噬、坏死性凋亡、焦亡、铁死亡、铜死亡和失巢凋亡）中的多方面作用，突出了它们在黑色素瘤研究和治疗中的潜在应用。
