Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712-0141, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2012 Apr;41(4):403-13. doi: 10.1007/s10964-011-9651-9. Epub 2011 Mar 17.
Why do depressive symptoms increase during adolescence? Because inhibition and poor peer relationships predict adolescents' depressive symptoms concurrently, we hypothesized that adolescents who cope with the stresses of this period by becoming increasingly inhibited may experience increasing depressive symptoms both directly and due to increased difficulty with peers. Longitudinal data from 904 participants, (52% female; 87% Caucasian, 5% Hispanic, 4% African-American, 4.6% other) from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care were examined when youth were in sixth and ninth grades. Path analyses revealed a direct effect of inhibition: Youth who became more inhibited reported increasing depressive symptoms. Indirect effects showed that they also experienced declines in friendship quality and popularity, which in turn led to increases in depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that increasing inhibition as an adaptation to the stresses of adolescence, and particularly its impact on popularity, is a risk factor for increases in depressive symptoms.
为什么抑郁症状会在青春期增加？因为抑制和不良的同伴关系同时预测了青少年的抑郁症状，所以我们假设，那些通过变得越来越压抑来应对这个时期压力的青少年，可能会因为直接的原因，也可能因为与同伴交往更加困难，而经历抑郁症状的增加。这项研究的数据来自 NICHD 早期儿童保育研究中的 904 名参与者（52%为女性；87%为白种人，5%为西班牙裔，4%为非裔美国人，4.6%为其他族裔），这些参与者在六年级和九年级时接受了调查。路径分析显示了抑制的直接影响：变得更加压抑的青少年报告称抑郁症状有所增加。间接影响表明，他们的友谊质量和受欢迎程度也有所下降，这反过来又导致抑郁症状的增加。研究结果表明，作为对青春期压力的适应，即抑制情绪的增加，特别是其对受欢迎程度的影响，是抑郁症状增加的一个风险因素。
