Schmitz Achim, Kellenberger Christian J, Neuhaus Diego, Schroeter Elke, Deanovic Dubravka, Prüfer Friederike, Studhalter Martina, Völlmer Lieselore, Weiss Markus
Department of Anaesthesia, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Paediatr Anaesth. 2011 Jun;21(6):685-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2011.03563.x. Epub 2011 Mar 18.
To investigate the effect of fasting times for clear fluids and solids/non-clear fluids on gastric content volume using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Pediatric patients undergoing diagnostic MRI under deep propofol sedation, with the stomach located within the area of diagnostic study, were included in this clinical observational study. According to standard institutional guidelines, children were allowed to eat/drink until 4 h and to drink clear fluids until 2 h before scheduled induction time of anesthesia. Gastric content volume per kg body weight (GCV(w)) was determined using MRI and compared with actual fasting times prior to induction.
Overall 68 patients aged from 0.3 to 19.6 (2.8) years were investigated. Fasting time for clear fluids ranged from 1.1 to 15.5 (5.5) h, for non-clear fluids/solids from 4.0 to 20.2 (6.7) h. GCV(w) ranged from 0.2 to 6.3 (0.75) ml·kg(-1) and showed no significant negative correlation to fasting times for clear fluids (r = -0.07, P = 0.60) and non-clear fluids/solids (r = -0.08, P = 0.51).
Based on this preliminary data, GCV(w) showed considerable variation but did not correlate with fasting times in children and adolescent patients. Recommended fasting times were often exceeded.
使用磁共振成像（MRI）研究清亮液体与固体/非清亮液体禁食时间对胃内容物体积的影响。
本临床观察性研究纳入了在深度丙泊酚镇静下接受诊断性MRI检查且胃位于诊断研究区域内的儿科患者。根据机构标准指南，儿童在预定麻醉诱导时间前4小时可进食/饮水，在2小时前可饮用清亮液体。使用MRI测定每千克体重的胃内容物体积（GCV(w)），并与诱导前的实际禁食时间进行比较。
共调查了68例年龄从0.3至19.6（2.8）岁的患者。清亮液体的禁食时间为1.1至15.5（5.5）小时，非清亮液体/固体的禁食时间为4.0至20.2（6.7）小时。GCV(w)为0.2至6.3（0.75）ml·kg⁻¹，与清亮液体禁食时间（r = -0.07，P = 0.60）和非清亮液体/固体禁食时间（r = -0.08，P = 0.51）均无显著负相关。
基于这些初步数据，GCV(w)显示出相当大的变异性，但在儿童和青少年患者中与禁食时间无关。推荐的禁食时间常常被超过。
