Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
Future Med Chem. 2009 Aug;1(5):921-45. doi: 10.4155/fmc.09.69.
Since trifluoromethyl-containing compounds have found diverse applications in the fields of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, facile and selective synthetic methods for trifluoromethyl-substituted compounds are an essential tool for advanced medicinal chemistry. Now that diverse synthetic transformations of carbon-carbon triple bonds are available, 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl-substituted compounds serve as versatile building blocks for target molecules containing trifluoromethyl groups. Thus, novel synthetic methods and reagents for incorporation of a 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl group into an organic compound have been the major concern in exploration and modification of fluorine-based biologically active substances.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION: We report a preparative method of 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyllithium and its reaction with electrophiles including aldehydes, ketones, trimethoxyborane, chlorosilanes and chlorostannanes in detail. Palladium-catalyzed synthetic reactions of the carbonyl adducts and the trifluoromethyl-containing metalloid reagents are also demonstrated, which provide simple synthetic methods of trifluoromethylated allenes, arylacetylenes and enynes. The synthetic transformations presented here expand the repertoire of trifluoromethylated compounds available for medicinal scientists and contribute to the advance of future medicinal chemistry.
由于含三氟甲基的化合物在药物和农用化学品领域有广泛的应用,因此,对于三氟甲基取代化合物的简单且选择性的合成方法是先进药物化学的重要工具。现在已经有了多种碳-碳三键的合成转化方法,因此,3,3,3-三氟丙炔基取代化合物可作为含有三氟甲基基团的目标分子的通用构建块。因此,将 3,3,3-三氟丙炔基基团引入有机化合物的新的合成方法和试剂一直是探索和修饰基于氟的生物活性物质的主要关注点。
我们详细报告了 3,3,3-三氟丙基锂的制备方法及其与包括醛、酮、三甲氧基硼烷、氯硅烷和氯锡烷在内的亲电试剂的反应。还展示了钯催化的羰基加成物和含三氟甲基的类金属试剂的合成反应,这为三氟甲基化的丙二烯、芳基乙炔和烯炔提供了简单的合成方法。这里呈现的合成转化扩展了可用于药物科学家的三氟甲基化化合物的种类,并为未来药物化学的发展做出了贡献。