Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Behav Genet. 2011 Sep;41(5):629-40. doi: 10.1007/s10519-011-9463-4. Epub 2011 Mar 23.
Previous research suggests that both genetic and environmental influences are important for antisocial behavior across the life span, even though the prevalence and incidence of antisocial behavior varies considerably across ages. However, little is known of how genetic and environmental effects influence the development of antisocial behavior. A total of 2,600 male and female twins from the population-based Swedish Twin Registry were included in the present study. Antisocial behavior was measured on four occasions, when twins were 8-9, 13-14, 16-17, and 19-20 years old. Longitudinal analyses of the data were conducted using structural equation modeling. The stability of antisocial behavior over time was explained by a common latent persistent antisocial behavior factor. A common genetic influence accounted for 67% of the total variance in this latent factor, the shared environment explained 26%, and the remaining 7% was due to the non-shared environment. Significant age-specific shared environmental factors were found at ages 13-14 years, suggesting that common experiences (e.g., peers) are important for antisocial behavior at this age. Results from this study show that genetic as well as shared environmental influences are important in antisocial behavior that persists from childhood to emerging adulthood.
先前的研究表明，遗传和环境因素对整个生命周期中的反社会行为都很重要，尽管反社会行为的流行率和发生率在不同年龄段有很大差异。然而，对于遗传和环境因素如何影响反社会行为的发展，我们知之甚少。本研究共纳入了来自基于人群的瑞典双胞胎登记处的 2600 名男性和女性双胞胎。反社会行为在四个时间点进行测量，即双胞胎 8-9 岁、13-14 岁、16-17 岁和 19-20 岁时。使用结构方程模型对数据进行纵向分析。反社会行为随时间的稳定性可以用一个共同的潜在持久反社会行为因素来解释。共同的遗传影响解释了这个潜在因素总方差的 67%，共同的环境解释了 26%，剩下的 7%归因于非共享环境。在 13-14 岁时发现了显著的年龄特定的共享环境因素，这表明共同的经历（例如，同龄人）在这个年龄段对反社会行为很重要。这项研究的结果表明，遗传和共享环境因素对从儿童期到成年早期持续存在的反社会行为都很重要。
