Larsson Henrik, Tuvblad Catherine, Rijsdijk Fruhling V, Andershed Henrik, Grann Martin, Lichtenstein Paul
Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK.
Psychol Med. 2007 Jan;37(1):15-26. doi: 10.1017/S003329170600907X. Epub 2006 Oct 19.
Both psychopathic personality traits and antisocial behavior are influenced by genetic as well as environmental factors. However, little is known about how genetic and environmental factors contribute to the associations between the psychopathic personality traits and antisocial behavior.
Data were drawn from a longitudinal population-based twin sample including all 1480 twin pairs born in Sweden between May 1985 and December 1986. The twins responded to mailed self-report questionnaires at two occasions: 1999 (twins 13-14 years old), and 2002 (twins 16-17 years old).
A common genetic factor loaded substantially on both psychopathic personality traits and antisocial behavior, whereas a common shared environmental factor loaded exclusively on antisocial behavior.
The genetic overlap between psychopathic personality traits and antisocial behavior may reflect a genetic vulnerability to externalizing psychopathology. The finding of shared environmental influences only in antisocial behavior suggests an etiological distinction between psychopathic personality dimensions and antisocial behavior. Knowledge about temperamental correlates to antisocial behavior is important for identification of susceptibility genes, as well as for possible prevention through identification of at-risk children early in life.
精神病态人格特质和反社会行为均受遗传及环境因素影响。然而，对于遗传和环境因素如何促成精神病态人格特质与反社会行为之间的关联，人们知之甚少。
数据取自一个基于人群的纵向双胞胎样本，包括1985年5月至1986年12月在瑞典出生的所有1480对双胞胎。这些双胞胎在两个时间点回复了邮寄的自我报告问卷：1999年（双胞胎13 - 14岁）和2002年（双胞胎16 - 17岁）。
一个共同的遗传因素在精神病态人格特质和反社会行为上均有显著载荷，而一个共同的共享环境因素仅在反社会行为上有载荷。
精神病态人格特质与反社会行为之间的遗传重叠可能反映了对外显型精神病理学的遗传易感性。仅在反社会行为中发现共享环境影响，这表明精神病态人格维度与反社会行为在病因学上存在区别。了解与反社会行为相关的气质因素对于确定易感基因以及通过在生命早期识别高危儿童进行可能的预防都很重要。
