Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2011 Mar;16(2):97-105. doi: 10.1007/s12199-010-0170-1. Epub 2010 Aug 13.
Although the importance of stretching exercise for pain-relieving and patient education is well documented for chronic lumbago patients, it is uncertain how effective on-the-job training (OJT) is for female caregivers in nursing homes. In the present pilot trial based on multicenter randomization, we evaluated the intervention effect of a lecture and stretching exercise on caregivers in nursing homes.
Eighty-eight female caregivers (four nursing homes) volunteered to participate in this study, and they were separated into two groups randomly. For the intervention group, guidance by an orthopedist and an exercise instructor were provided as one OJT, and stretching exercises for only 6 min every day were recommended for low back pain prevention to the caregivers. Low back pain visual analogue scale (VAS), physical fitness, and mental and physical health were compared at baseline and immediately after the intervention.
A total of 29 (33%) participants withdrew by 12 weeks. Regarding the reasons for withdrawal, 28 participants resigned, and one took a leave of absence due to exacerbation of lumbago. Adherence to the stretching exercises was 2.3 ± 1.3 (mean ± SD) times per week. No significant differences were seen for any outcome measurements. The high adherence group (≧3 times per week) did not show a change in the VAS, but the low adherence group (<3 times per week) and control group showed a tendency towards an increased score (p = 0.068).
Even with the conduct of one OJT, and exercises of only 6 min every day, the adherence of caregivers was low, and there appeared to be few effects of the OJT.
尽管伸展运动对于缓解慢性腰痛患者的疼痛和进行患者教育非常重要，但对于疗养院的女性护理人员来说，在职培训（OJT）的效果如何尚不确定。在这项基于多中心随机分组的初步试验中，我们评估了针对疗养院护理人员的讲座和伸展运动干预的效果。
88 名女性护理人员（4 家疗养院）自愿参加本研究，并随机分为两组。对于干预组，由骨科医生和运动指导员提供指导作为一次 OJT，并建议护理人员每天仅进行 6 分钟的伸展运动以预防腰痛。在基线和干预后立即比较腰痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）、身体机能、心理和身体健康。
共有 29 名（33%）参与者在 12 周时退出。关于退出的原因，28 名参与者辞职，1 名因腰痛加重而请假。每周伸展运动的依从性为 2.3±1.3（平均值±标准差）次。任何结果测量均无显著差异。高依从性组（≧3 次/周）的 VAS 无变化，但低依从性组（<3 次/周）和对照组的 VAS 呈增加趋势（p=0.068）。
即使进行一次 OJT，每天仅进行 6 分钟的运动，护理人员的依从性也很低，而且 OJT 的效果似乎也不大。
