日本儿童铅暴露评估。

Exposure assessment of lead among Japanese children.

机构信息

Institute of Environmental Studies, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan, Japan.

出版信息

Environ Health Prev Med. 2004 Nov;9(6):257-61. doi: 10.1007/BF02898139.

DOI:10.1007/BF02898139

PMID:21432311

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2723610/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Lead intake from possible exposure routes among children residing in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area was estimated.

METHODS

Lead concentrations in house dust samples collected from the houses of the children and those in 24-h duplicate diet samples of the children were determined. The daily lead intake was estimated by multiplying the lead concentrations in the house dust, diet, soil and ambient air (the latter two were from the literatures) by the corresponding intake and/or inhalation rates, and summing all of the products. Bioaccessibility tests were performed on the house dust, soil and diet samples to determine the lead uptake level.

RESULTS

Children residing in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area were estimated to be exposed to 21.5 μg of lead on a daily basis, with a maximum intake of up to 70.4 μg. The average weekly intake per kg body weight for a 5-year-old Japanese child was found to be 8.0 μg/kg bw/wk, which is below the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) of 25 μg/kg bw/wk. However, the maximum weekly intake was found to be 26 μg/kg bw/wk.

CONCLUSIONS

House dust and soil ingestion can be the predominant routes of exposure to lead among children in Japan, and the source(s) of lead in such media must be specified to reduce the lead intake level of the children.

摘要

目的

估算居住在东京都地区的儿童通过可能的暴露途径摄入的铅含量。

方法

从儿童居住房屋的室内灰尘样本和儿童 24 小时饮食重复样本中测定铅浓度。通过将室内灰尘、饮食、土壤和环境空气中的铅浓度（后两者来自文献）乘以相应的摄入和/或吸入率，并将所有乘积相加，估算每日铅摄入量。对室内灰尘、土壤和饮食样本进行生物可利用性测试，以确定铅的摄取水平。

结果

估算居住在东京都地区的儿童每天摄入 21.5μg 的铅，最高摄入量可达 70.4μg。发现 5 岁日本儿童每公斤体重每周的平均摄入量为 8.0μg/kg bw/wk，低于暂定每周可耐受摄入量（PTWI）25μg/kg bw/wk。然而，每周的最高摄入量为 26μg/kg bw/wk。

结论

室内灰尘和土壤摄入可能是日本儿童接触铅的主要途径，必须明确此类介质中铅的来源，以降低儿童的铅摄入量。

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日本儿童铅暴露评估。

Exposure assessment of lead among Japanese children.

机构信息

Institute of Environmental Studies, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan, Japan.

出版信息

Environ Health Prev Med. 2004 Nov;9(6):257-61. doi: 10.1007/BF02898139.

DOI:10.1007/BF02898139

PMID:21432311

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2723610/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Lead intake from possible exposure routes among children residing in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area was estimated.

METHODS

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

摘要

目的

估算居住在东京都地区的儿童通过可能的暴露途径摄入的铅含量。

方法

结果

结论

室内灰尘和土壤摄入可能是日本儿童接触铅的主要途径，必须明确此类介质中铅的来源，以降低儿童的铅摄入量。

日本儿童铅暴露评估。

Exposure assessment of lead among Japanese children.

机构信息

出版信息

OBJECTIVE

METHODS

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

目的

方法

结果

结论

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日本儿童铅暴露评估。

Exposure assessment of lead among Japanese children.

机构信息

出版信息

OBJECTIVE

METHODS

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

目的

方法

结果

结论