Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad Veterinaria, Madrid, Spain.
Prev Vet Med. 2011 Jun 1;100(1):79-83. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.02.011. Epub 2011 Mar 26.
Red deer (Cervus elaphus) have a pronounced seasonality in their physiology. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the season on red deer responsiveness to skin testing with the phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) mitogen. Study subjects included 270 farmed adult red deer (19 stags and 251 hinds). The skin testing was carried out between January 2009 and August 2010. The animals were injected intradermally with a 0.1 ml volume containing 250 μg of PHA diluted in phosphate buffered saline. The skinfold thickness was measured immediately prior to injection and 72 h after administration, always by the same person and with three repeats per measurement. Single effects of sex and time on skin test responsiveness were significant (p < 0.001) as well as their interaction (p < 0.001). In winter (January), and considering the average of two years, the skinfold increase in response to the intradermal injection of 250 μg PHA was 2.1 times larger in stags and 1.4 times in hinds than in summer (August). While stags had 1.3 times larger responses than hinds in winter, the inverse occurred in summer, with 1.1 times larger responses in hinds. We also evidenced a limited inter-annual variation of skinfold increase in response to PHA in red deer. These findings have important consequences regarding the interpretation of skin test results in the ante-mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis, at least in deer.
马鹿（Cervus elaphus）的生理学具有明显的季节性。本研究旨在评估季节对马鹿植物血球凝集素（PHA）有丝分裂原皮肤试验反应性的影响。研究对象包括 270 头农场饲养的成年马鹿（19 头公鹿和 251 头母鹿）。皮肤试验于 2009 年 1 月至 2010 年 8 月进行。动物皮内注射 0.1ml 体积，内含 250μg 磷酸盐缓冲盐水稀释的 PHA。注射前和给药后 72 小时测量皮褶厚度，始终由同一人进行，每个测量重复 3 次。性别和时间对皮肤试验反应性的单一影响均具有统计学意义（p<0.001），两者之间的相互作用也具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。在冬季（1 月），并考虑两年的平均值，250μg PHA 皮内注射后，公鹿的皮褶厚度增加是母鹿的 2.1 倍，是夏季（8 月）的两倍。虽然在冬季公鹿的反应比母鹿大 1.3 倍，但在夏季情况相反，母鹿的反应比公鹿大 1.1 倍。我们还证明了马鹿对 PHA 反应性的皮褶增加存在有限的年度间变异性。这些发现对结核病和副结核病的生前诊断中皮肤试验结果的解释具有重要意义，至少对鹿而言是如此。
