Ramirez-Amador V, Nittayananta W, Magalhães M, Flint S R, Peters B S, Tappuni A R
Department of Health Sciences. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, México City, Mexico.
Adv Dent Res. 2011 Apr;23(1):165-71. doi: 10.1177/0022034511400080.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved survival and changed the disease pattern of HIV infection. However, ART may cause serious side effects, such as metabolic and cardiovascular complications. In addition, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is being increasingly reported in relation to ART. The article presents the consensus of a workshop around 4 key issues: (1) the differences in the response of adults and children to highly active antiretroviral therapy, (2) the mechanism of the new HIV entry inhibitors and its effect on oral markers, (3) the pathogenesis of IRIS and the contradictory findings of the possible oral lesions related with IRIS, (4) and the benefits and barriers associated with using ART in the developing and developed world. The consensus of the workshop was that there is a need for future studies on the oral manifestations of HIV in individuals treated with new ARTs-especially, children. IRIS was considered a promising field for future research; as such, workshop attendees recommended formulating an IRIS-oral lesions case definition and following strict criteria for its diagnosis.
抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）提高了生存率，并改变了HIV感染的疾病模式。然而，ART可能会引起严重的副作用，如代谢和心血管并发症。此外，与ART相关的免疫重建炎症综合征（IRIS）的报道也越来越多。本文介绍了围绕4个关键问题举办的一次研讨会的共识：（1）成人和儿童对高效抗逆转录病毒疗法反应的差异；（2）新型HIV进入抑制剂的作用机制及其对口腔标志物的影响；（3）IRIS的发病机制以及与IRIS相关的可能口腔病变的矛盾研究结果；（4）在发展中国家和发达国家使用ART的益处和障碍。研讨会的共识是，未来需要对接受新型抗逆转录病毒治疗的个体（尤其是儿童）的HIV口腔表现进行研究。IRIS被认为是未来研究的一个有前景的领域；因此，研讨会与会者建议制定IRIS口腔病变的病例定义，并遵循严格的诊断标准。
