Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2011 May 1;3(5):a004960. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a004960.
Tenascins are a family of extracellular matrix proteins that evolved in early chordates. There are four family members: tenascin-X, tenascin-R, tenascin-W, and tenascin-C. Tenascin-X associates with type I collagen, and its absence can cause Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. In contrast, tenascin-R is concentrated in perineuronal nets. The expression of tenascin-C and tenascin-W is developmentally regulated, and both are expressed during disease (e.g., both are associated with cancer stroma and tumor blood vessels). In addition, tenascin-C is highly induced by infections and inflammation. Accordingly, the tenascin-C knockout mouse has a reduced inflammatory response. All tenascins have the potential to modify cell adhesion either directly or through interaction with fibronectin, and cell-tenascin interactions typically lead to increased cell motility. In the case of tenascin-C, there is a correlation between elevated expression and increased metastasis in several types of tumors.
纤连蛋白是一类在早期脊索动物中进化而来的细胞外基质蛋白。有四个家族成员： tenascin-X、tenascin-R、tenascin-W 和 tenascin-C。tenascin-X 与 I 型胶原结合，其缺失可导致埃勒斯-当洛斯综合征。相比之下，tenascin-R 集中在神经周围网中。tenascin-C 和 tenascin-W 的表达受发育调控，并且在疾病期间表达（例如，两者都与癌症基质和肿瘤血管相关）。此外，tenascin-C 可被感染和炎症高度诱导。相应地，tenascin-C 敲除小鼠的炎症反应减少。所有纤连蛋白都有可能通过与纤维连接蛋白的直接或间接相互作用来改变细胞黏附，并且细胞纤连蛋白相互作用通常导致细胞迁移增加。在 tenascin-C 的情况下，在几种类型的肿瘤中，高表达与转移增加之间存在相关性。
