Liippo Kari, Vasankari Tuula
TYKS:n keuhkosairauksien klinikka PL 52, 20521 Turku.
Duodecim. 2011;127(2):178-84.
Most cases of hemoptysis are due to lung infections, bronchiectasis, lung cancer and pulmonary vascular disorders. Apart from the respiratory passages, the blood coming up with a cough may also originate from elsewhere, and its amount may vary from minor streaks of blood to a massive pulmonary hemorrhage. The extent of hemorrhage is decisive for the choice of investigational and therapeutic measures. Massive hemoptysis is always life-threatening and requires immediate action. Accurate determination of the cause of the hemorrhage is possible only after the acute situation has settled. In the hospital, bronchoscopy is the most important means of investigation and treatment.
大多数咯血病例是由肺部感染、支气管扩张、肺癌和肺血管疾病引起的。除呼吸道外,咳嗽时咳出的血液也可能来自其他部位,其出血量可能从少量血丝到大量肺出血不等。出血程度对检查和治疗措施的选择起决定性作用。大量咯血总是危及生命的,需要立即采取行动。只有在急性情况稳定后才能准确确定出血原因。在医院里,支气管镜检查是最重要的检查和治疗手段。