Center for Emergency and Clinical Science, Department of Cardiology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
J Intern Med. 2011 Oct;270(4):365-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02382.x. Epub 2011 May 4.
To examine the associations between food patterns constructed using cluster analysis and markers of systemic and vascular inflammation, and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) after 13 years of follow-up.
Population-based, prospective cohort study.
Cluster analysis identified six food patterns from 43 food group variables among 4999 subjects, aged 45-68 years, who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cardiovascular programme between 1991 and 1994. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2) ), C-reactive protein concentration and white blood cell (WBC) count were measured using blood samples at baseline. Incidence of CVD (coronary events and ischaemic stroke) was monitored over 13 years of follow-up.
The fibre-rich bread pattern was associated with favourable effects on WBC count in women, and the low-fat and high-fibre pattern with favourable effects on Lp-PLA(2) mass in women, and on Lp-PLA(2) activity in men. However, the milk fat and sweets and cakes patterns were both associated with adverse effects; the former on WBC count in women and on Lp-PLA(2) mass in men, and the latter on WBC count and Lp-PLA(2) mass in women. The milk fat and sweets and cakes patterns were associated with increased CVD risk in women.
The results of this study support the present Nordic dietary recommendations indicating that diets rich in high-fibre, low-fat and low-sugar foods are favourably associated with markers of inflammation and, potentially, with CVD risk.
使用聚类分析构建的食物模式与系统性和血管炎症标志物以及 13 年后发生心血管疾病（CVD）的关系进行研究。
基于人群的前瞻性队列研究。
聚类分析从 1991 年至 1994 年期间 4999 名年龄在 45-68 岁的参与者参与的马尔默饮食与癌症心血管项目中的 43 个食物组变量中确定了六种食物模式。使用基线时的血液样本测量脂蛋白相关磷脂酶 A2（Lp-PLA2）、C 反应蛋白浓度和白细胞（WBC）计数。在 13 年的随访期间监测 CVD（冠心病事件和缺血性中风）的发生情况。
富含纤维的面包模式与女性白细胞计数的有利影响相关，低脂肪和高纤维模式与女性 Lp-PLA2 质量和男性 Lp-PLA2 活性的有利影响相关。然而，牛奶脂肪和甜食与蛋糕模式均与不良影响相关；前者与女性白细胞计数和男性 Lp-PLA2 质量有关，后者与女性白细胞计数和 Lp-PLA2 质量有关。牛奶脂肪和甜食与蛋糕模式与女性 CVD 风险增加有关。
本研究结果支持目前北欧饮食建议，表明富含高纤维、低脂肪和低糖食物的饮食与炎症标志物以及潜在的 CVD 风险呈正相关。
