Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority-STUK, Louhikkotie 28, FIN-96500 Rovaniemi, Finland.
Health Phys. 2011 May;100(5):468-81. doi: 10.1097/HP.0b013e3181f2b52c.
Monitoring of 137Cs in reindeer herders and in reindeer meat in Finnish Lapland began in the early 1960s and has continued until today. The monitoring of 137Cs in reindeer herders and in reindeer meat in the Halla area began after the Chernobyl accident. In this study, reindeer herders together with reindeer meat samples were monitored for gamma-emitting radionuclides from two separate areas in the Finnish reindeer management area, Northern Finland and the Halla area. The effective half-lives determined for 137Cs in reindeer meat were from 3.0 ± 1.7 to 5.1 ± 0.5 y. For 134Cs, the observed effective half-lives in reindeer meat were from 1.3 ± 0.2 to 1.5 ± 0.1 y. The effective half-lives among male and female reindeer herders in Northern Finland were 5.5 ± 1.3 and 4.4 ± 0.9 y, respectively, for the body-burden of 137Cs. In the Halla reindeer herding cooperative, located to the south of Finnish Lapland in the province of Kuusamo, the effective half-lives in the reindeer herders were shorter, about 1-2 y. The 134Cs × 137Cs-1 ratios decreased more rapidly in reindeer meat and also in humans in the Halla area than in Northern Finland. This implies faster removal of Chernobyl-derived cesium from the reindeer-man food chain in the Halla area. The contribution of Chernobyl fallout (percent) in reindeer meat was 70% and 80% in the Paistunturi and Ivalo cooperatives, respectively, and 50% and 80% in the western and eastern part of Halla cooperative, respectively. In humans, the contribution of Chernobyl fallout to 137Cs in whole-body content was 60% in Northern Finland and 80% in the Halla area. The mean committed effective doses of Cs for reindeer herders in Finnish Lapland decreased from 0.36 mSv y-1 in 1987 to 0.053 mSv y-1 in 2005.
从 20 世纪 60 年代初开始，芬兰拉普兰的驯鹿牧民和驯鹿肉中的 137Cs 监测一直持续到今天。在切尔诺贝利事故发生后，开始对 Halla 地区的驯鹿牧民和驯鹿肉中的 137Cs 进行监测。在这项研究中，从芬兰驯鹿管理区的两个不同地区，即北芬兰和 Halla 地区，对驯鹿牧民和驯鹿肉样本进行了γ放射性核素监测。在驯鹿肉中确定的 137Cs 的有效半衰期为 3.0±1.7 至 5.1±0.5 年。对于 134Cs，在驯鹿肉中观察到的有效半衰期为 1.3±0.2 至 1.5±0.1 年。在北芬兰，男性和女性驯鹿牧民体内的 137Cs 有效半衰期分别为 5.5±1.3 和 4.4±0.9 年。位于芬兰拉普兰南部的 Kuusamo 省的 Halla 驯鹿牧民合作社，驯鹿牧民体内的有效半衰期更短，约为 1-2 年。与北芬兰相比，134Cs×137Cs-1 比值在 Halla 地区的驯鹿肉和人类体内下降得更快，这意味着从 Halla 地区的驯鹿-人食物链中更快地清除了切尔诺贝利衍生的铯。在 Paistunturi 和 Ivalo 合作社，137Cs 在驯鹿肉中的贡献率分别为 70%和 80%，在 Halla 合作社的西部和东部，分别为 50%和 80%。在人类中，切尔诺贝利沉降物对全身 137Cs 含量的贡献率在北芬兰为 60%，在 Halla 地区为 80%。芬兰拉普兰驯鹿牧民体内的 Cs 年有效剂量从 1987 年的 0.36 mSv y-1 下降到 2005 年的 0.053 mSv y-1。
