Arctic Centre, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland.
Institute of Clinicum, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 2;18(15):8186. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18158186.
This article summarizes the results of studies on the exposure of the Finnish Sami people to radioactive fallout and the estimations of the related cancer risk. We also discuss the lifestyle, genetic origin and diet of this population. The Sami people are an indigenous people who live in the northern part of Scandinavia and Finland. The review is based on the available scientific literature of Finnish Sami. The traditional Sami diet, high in animal products, persists in Sami groups still involved in reindeer-herding, but others have adopted the typical diet of western cultures. Studies have consistently shown an overall reduced cancer risk among the Finnish Sami people, except for stomach cancer among the Skolt Sami. Common cancers among the Finnish main population, such as prostate, breast and skin cancer are especially rare among the Finnish Sami. The incidence of cancer among the Finnish Sami are mostly similar to those of the Swedish and Norwegian Sami. To conclude, we observed no effect of radioactive pollution on cancer incidence. The lifestyles and environments of the Sami are changing, and their cancer mortality rate today is similar to that of the majority of the Finnish and western population.
本文总结了芬兰萨米人接触放射性沉降物的研究结果和相关癌症风险的估计。我们还讨论了该人群的生活方式、遗传起源和饮食。萨米人是生活在斯堪的纳维亚半岛和芬兰北部的土著人民。本综述基于芬兰萨米人的现有科学文献。在仍从事驯鹿养殖的萨米群体中，传统的萨米饮食以动物产品为主，但其他人已经采用了西方文化的典型饮食。研究一致表明，芬兰萨米人总体癌症风险降低，除了斯科尔特萨米人的胃癌。在芬兰主要人群中常见的癌症，如前列腺癌、乳腺癌和皮肤癌，在芬兰萨米人中尤为罕见。芬兰萨米人的癌症发病率与瑞典和挪威萨米人相似。总之，我们没有观察到放射性污染对癌症发病率的影响。萨米人的生活方式和环境正在发生变化，他们今天的癌症死亡率与芬兰和西方大多数人口相似。
