Al-Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Ministry of Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Epilepsia. 2011 Jul;52(7):1223-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03044.x. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
No study to date has prospectively investigated the impact of epilepsy on psychiatric disorders among adults with an intellectual disability (ID). This study aimed to determine prospectively the influence of epilepsy on the development of psychiatric disorders in adults with ID.
Psychiatric symptoms were measured prospectively over a 1-year period among 45 adults with ID and active epilepsy and 45 adults with ID without epilepsy, matched on level of ID. The 1-year incidence rate (IR) of commonly occurring Axis 1 psychiatric disorders was compared with and without controlling for possible confounding factors. Total psychiatric symptom scores over the period were compared between the two groups using repeated-measures analysis of covariance.
Adults with epilepsy and ID had a more than seven times increased risk for developing psychiatric disorders, particularly depression and unspecified disorders of presumed organic origin, including dementia, over a 1-year period compared to those with ID only. Comparison of the psychiatric scores showed the epilepsy group to have significantly higher unspecified disorder and depression symptom scores.
The findings point to an increased risk of depression and unspecified disorders, including dementia, among adults with ID and epilepsy. Further exploration of the nature and treatment of these unspecified disorders may help the care of people with epilepsy and ID.
迄今尚无研究前瞻性地调查癫痫对智力障碍（ID）成人精神障碍的影响。本研究旨在确定癫痫对 ID 成人精神障碍发展的前瞻性影响。
在 1 年内，对 45 名患有活动性癫痫和 ID 的成年人和 45 名无癫痫但 ID 水平匹配的成年人进行前瞻性的精神病症状测量。比较了在控制可能的混杂因素前后，常见的轴 1 精神障碍的 1 年发病率（IR）。使用重复测量协方差分析比较两组在该期间的总精神病症状评分。
与仅患有 ID 的成年人相比，患有癫痫和 ID 的成年人在 1 年内发展为精神障碍（尤其是抑郁症和未明确的推定器质性起源的障碍，包括痴呆）的风险增加了七倍以上。精神病评分的比较显示，癫痫组的未明确障碍和抑郁症状评分明显更高。
这些发现表明，癫痫和 ID 的成年人患抑郁症和未明确的障碍（包括痴呆）的风险增加。进一步探讨这些未明确的障碍的性质和治疗方法可能有助于癫痫和 ID 患者的护理。
