Department of Experimental Embryology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Wolka Kosowska, Poland.
Theriogenology. 2011 Jul 15;76(2):217-28. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.01.016. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
Much emphasis is currently given to the use of Interspecific Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (ISCNT) as a potential salvage tool for endangered animals. In this short review we present a survey on all data published so far on ISCNT, including abstract communication in international meetings. From the analysis of these data it appears that the results obtained are very preliminary and often confusing on the real stage of the embryonic development obtained. Moreover, the acronym ISCNT is improperly used because in many reports the nuclei and oocyte donor are not within the same species, but belong to different order and sometimes taxa, therefore, we classified all the ISCNT reports by allocating cell and oocyte donors to their respective order/species/class. The efficiency of cloning is low in all species owing to incomplete nuclear reprogramming of differentiated cells under the current procedures. ISCNT, however, poses additional hurdles which are rarely addressed in previously published work, and on which we focus in this review: mt/genomic DNA compatibility; embryonic genome activation of the donor nucleus by the recipient oocyte; availability of suitable foster mothers for ISCNT embryos. All these issues are discussed here, and possible solutions for the successful application of somatic cell nuclear transfer to endangered animals are also put forth.
目前，人们非常重视种间体细胞核移植（ISCNT）作为濒危动物的潜在挽救工具的应用。在这篇简短的综述中，我们对迄今为止所有关于 ISCNT 的数据进行了调查，包括国际会议上的摘要交流。从这些数据的分析来看，所获得的结果非常初步，并且常常让人对所获得的胚胎发育的真实阶段感到困惑。此外，ISCNT 的缩写词使用不当，因为在许多报告中，核和卵母细胞供体并非来自同一物种，而是属于不同的目，有时甚至是不同的分类单元，因此，我们通过将细胞核和卵母细胞供体分配到各自的目/物种/分类单元，对所有的 ISCNT 报告进行了分类。由于目前的程序中，分化细胞的核重编程不完全，所有物种的克隆效率都很低。然而，ISCNT 还带来了一些以前发表的工作中很少涉及的额外障碍，我们在这篇综述中重点讨论了这些障碍：mt/基因组 DNA 兼容性；供体核被受体卵母细胞激活；适合 ISCNT 胚胎的代孕母亲的可用性。本文讨论了所有这些问题，并提出了成功将体细胞核移植应用于濒危动物的可能解决方案。
