Chumakov A A, Kronrod B A
Arkh Patol. 1990;52(6):50-2.
Pathology service in the RSFSR suffers, at present, from the lack of pathologists: only 2393 (57.3%) of 4174 positions are occupied. Particularly difficult is the situation in Eastern Siberia and Moscow where only 47.7 and 48.6% positions, respectively, are covered. Lack of professional pathologists is aggravated by an artificial decrease of positions number as compared to real need, by the increase of proportion of persons retired or those having a preretirement age (30%), by a high percentage (over 30% of positions) of persons experiencing pathology as a second profession (65% of them do not have a sufficient knowledge and practice in pathology), by a low level of medical education in general and nonsufficient promotion of pathologists (only 39.3% pathologists have attestation categories). To solve the crisis the RSFSR Ministry of Health started in 1988/89 4-year training of pathologists at the pathology chairs of the RSFSR Medical Institutes: subinternship (1 year), internship (1 year), clinical internship (2 years). The realization of this program will result in turning out of 724 pathologists by 1994. The progress in pathologists training will require the improvement of technical basis of pathology chairs and departments and solution of certain organizational problems.
目前，俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国的病理学服务因病理学家短缺而受到影响：在4174个职位中，仅有2393个（57.3%）有人任职。东西伯利亚和莫斯科的情况尤为严峻，分别仅有47.7%和48.6%的职位有人填补。与实际需求相比，职位数量人为减少，退休人员或接近退休年龄人员的比例增加（30%），将病理学作为第二职业的人员比例较高（超过职位的30%），且其中65%在病理学方面缺乏足够的知识和实践经验，再加上整体医学教育水平较低以及病理学家晋升不足（仅有39.3%的病理学家拥有资格类别），这些因素加剧了专业病理学家的短缺。为解决这一危机，俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国卫生部于1988/89年开始在俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国医学院的病理学教研室对病理学家进行为期4年的培训：副实习（1年）、实习（1年）、临床实习（2年）。该计划的实施到1994年将培养出724名病理学家。病理学家培训工作的进展需要改善病理学教研室和科室的技术基础，并解决某些组织问题。
