Restorative Dentistry, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0641, USA.
J Prosthet Dent. 2011 Apr;105(4):256-65. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3913(11)60041-3.
It is not clear if the interaction of craniofacial form with type of prosthetic restoration (conventional or implant-assisted) is related to masticatory function in complete denture patients.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among facial form, skeletal class, alveolar residual ridge heights and masticatory function in subjects treated with implant-assisted or conventional mandibular dentures with lateral cephalometric evaluation.
Data from a previously reported randomized controlled clinical trial were accessed to compare treatment success rates, functional and perceptual outcomes, dietary intake, and craniofacial relationships between mandibular complete dentures and implant overdentures in edentulous diabetic subjects. Evaluation of the digitized post-insertion lateral cephalometric radiographs provided measures of facial form (mesocephalic "medium", brachycephalic "broad and square", dolichocephalic "vertical and long"), skeletal class (Class I, Class II, Class III), and alveolar ridge height (mm), which were compared to results of standardized masticatory tests as evaluated using MANOVA and REGW post-hoc evaluation (α=.05).
Masticatory performance on the preferred side was slightly reduced in the dolichocephalic group, compared to brachycephalic and mesocephalic groups (P=.085). Swallowing threshold performance was significantly less in skeletal Class II subjects compared to Class I (P=.034). Maxillary residual alveolar ridge height was significantly less in the brachycephalic group compared to the dolichocephalic group (P<.001). No differences in mandibular ridge height were seen associated with facial form or skeletal class groups.
Facial form may be related to masticatory function with conventional and implant-assisted mandibular dentures, but larger controlled studies are needed to confirm this relationship. Alveolar ridge height is reduced in edentulous subjects with a brachycephalic facial form.
目前尚不清楚颅面形态与修复类型（常规修复或种植体辅助修复）的相互作用是否与全口义齿患者的咀嚼功能有关。
本研究旨在通过侧位头颅测量评估，调查接受种植体辅助或常规下颌义齿治疗的患者的面型、骨骼分类、牙槽嵴剩余高度与咀嚼功能之间的关系。
本研究使用了之前报道的一项随机对照临床试验的数据，比较了无牙糖尿病患者下颌全口义齿和种植覆盖义齿的治疗成功率、功能和感知结果、饮食摄入以及颅面关系。对数字化插入后侧位头颅片进行评估，以评估面型（中头型“中等”、短头型“宽而方”、长头型“垂直而长”）、骨骼分类（I 类、II 类、III 类）和牙槽嵴高度（mm），并使用 MANOVA 和 REGW 事后检验（α=.05）与标准化咀嚼测试结果进行比较。
与短头型和中头型组相比，长头型组在优势侧的咀嚼性能略低（P=.085）。与 I 类相比，II 类骨骼分类患者的吞咽阈值性能明显降低（P=.034）。与长头型组相比，短头型组的上颌剩余牙槽嵴高度显著降低（P<.001）。面型或骨骼分类组之间未见下颌牙槽嵴高度与咀嚼功能相关的差异。
面型可能与常规和种植体辅助下颌义齿的咀嚼功能有关，但需要更大规模的对照研究来证实这种关系。短头型无牙患者的牙槽嵴高度降低。
