Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Am J Infect Control. 2011 Apr;39(3):219-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.07.005.
Transmission of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) from fomites appears to play an important role in CA-MRSA outbreaks. However, the amount and duration of transmissibility of MRSA have not been quantified.
We assessed the survival and transmission of the CA-MRSA strain USA300-0114 from 9 fomites (razors, plastic toys, ceramic, soap, wood, vinyl, towels, bed sheets, and shoulder pads). Fomites were inoculated then briefly pressed onto sterile pigskin at 5 minutes; days 1, 2, 3, 7, and 10; and then weekly for 10 weeks. The experiment was repeated using 2 methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) and 3 health care-associated (HA) MRSA strains on select fomites.
Bacteria could be transmitted to skin from all fomites except soap. Transmissibility decreased over time but more rapidly from porous (eg, towels) than nonporous (eg, vinyl) fomites (P = .0002), with some fomites showing transmissibility for more than 8 weeks after contamination. The CA-MRSA strain was transmissible longer than the HA-MRSA strains (P < .0001) and 1 MSSA strain.
CA-MRSA strains are transmissible from many fomites to skin with contaminated nonporous fomites exhibiting transmissibility many weeks after contamination. Transmissibility of HA-MRSA strains demonstrated attenuated transmissibility compared with CA-MRSA strains. Findings may have implications for CA-MRSA infection prevention.
社区获得性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（CA-MRSA）通过污染物传播似乎在 CA-MRSA 爆发中起着重要作用。然而，MRSA 的传播量和持续时间尚未量化。
我们评估了 CA-MRSA 菌株 USA300-0114 从 9 种污染物（剃须刀、塑料玩具、陶瓷、肥皂、木材、乙烯基、毛巾、床单和垫肩）中的存活和传播情况。将污染物接种后，在 5 分钟、第 1、2、3、7 和 10 天以及 10 周后每周短暂地压在无菌猪皮上。在选择的污染物上，使用 2 种耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）和 3 种医源性相关（HA）MRSA 菌株重复了该实验。
除了肥皂，细菌可以从所有污染物传播到皮肤。随着时间的推移，传播能力逐渐下降，但多孔污染物（例如毛巾）比非多孔污染物（例如乙烯基）更快（P =.0002），一些污染物在污染后超过 8 周仍具有传染性。CA-MRSA 菌株的传播时间比 HA-MRSA 菌株（P <.0001）和 1 种 MSSA 菌株更长。
CA-MRSA 菌株可从许多污染物传播到皮肤，污染的非多孔污染物在污染后数周仍具有传染性。HA-MRSA 菌株的传播能力比 CA-MRSA 菌株减弱。这些发现可能对 CA-MRSA 感染预防有影响。
