University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Center for Health Equity Research, 2L, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4217, USA.
J Community Health. 2011 Dec;36(6):925-32. doi: 10.1007/s10900-011-9391-5.
Youth in urban environments are exposed to community violence, yet some do well and continue on a positive developmental trajectory. This study investigated the relationships between lifetime community violence exposure (including total, hearing about, witnessing, and victimization), family functioning, and positive youth development (PYD) among 110 urban youth ages 10-16 years (54% female) using a paper and pen self-report survey. This cross-sectional study was part of an interdisciplinary community-based participatory research effort in West/Southwest Philadelphia. Almost 97% of the sample reported some type of community violence exposure. Controlling for presence of mother in the home and presence of father in the home, separate linear regression models for PYD by each type of community violence exposure indicated that gender and family functioning were significantly associated with PYD. None of the types of community violence exposure were significant in the models. Significant interactions between gender and presence of mother in the home and gender and family functioning helped better explain these relationships for some of the types of community violence exposure. Presence of mother was associated with higher PYD for girls, but not for boys. Boys with poor family functioning had lower PYD than girls with poor family functioning. This study helps to better delineate relationships between CVE and PYD by adding new knowledge to the literature on the role of family functioning. Points of intervention should focus on families, with attention to parental figures in the home and overall family functioning.
城市环境中的青少年容易接触到社区暴力，但也有一些人能够很好地应对，并继续沿着积极的发展轨迹前进。本研究通过纸笔自我报告调查，调查了 110 名 10-16 岁（54%为女性）城市青少年的终生社区暴力暴露（包括总暴露、听说过、目睹和受害）、家庭功能与积极青年发展（PYD）之间的关系。这项横断面研究是宾夕法尼亚州西部/西南部社区参与式跨学科研究的一部分。几乎 97%的样本报告了某种类型的社区暴力暴露。在控制了母亲在家和父亲在家的情况下，每种类型的社区暴力暴露对 PYD 的单独线性回归模型表明，性别和家庭功能与 PYD 显著相关。在模型中，没有一种类型的社区暴力暴露是显著的。性别和母亲在家的存在以及性别和家庭功能之间的显著交互作用有助于更好地解释这些关系，为某些类型的社区暴力暴露提供了帮助。母亲的存在与女孩的 PYD 较高有关，但与男孩无关。家庭功能差的男孩比家庭功能差的女孩的 PYD 低。这项研究通过为家庭功能在 CVE 和 PYD 之间的关系方面提供新的知识，有助于更好地阐明两者之间的关系。干预点应集中在家庭上，关注家庭中的父母形象和整体家庭功能。
