Bushover Brady, Miller Elizabeth, Bair-Merritt Megan, Abebe Kaleab, Culyba Alison
University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Inj Prev. 2020 Dec;26(6):588-592. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043356. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
Examine associations between features of the built environment and violence perpetration among male youth.
We enrolled 866 male adolescents, ages 13-19 years, as part of a violence prevention study in 20 lower-resource neighbourhoods in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Exposure to built environmental features was defined using participants' neighbourhood study site. Violence perpetration was measured by three survey items: physical fighting, threatening someone with a weapon, and injuring someone with a weapon. Logistic regression models examined associations between each environmental feature and violence perpetration.
Better neighbourhood walkability was associated with significantly lower odds of fighting (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.86, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.99). Alcohol and tobacco outlets were associated with slightly lower odds of violence perpetration (AORs=0.89-0.96).
This work extends previous studies from large urban centres to a mid-sized city context and suggests that walkable neighbourhoods create opportunities for social interactions and may serve as a protective factor in youth violence.
研究建筑环境特征与男性青少年暴力犯罪之间的关联。
我们招募了866名年龄在13至19岁之间的男性青少年，作为美国宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡20个资源匮乏社区暴力预防研究的一部分。利用参与者所在社区的研究地点来定义对建筑环境特征的接触情况。通过三个调查项目来衡量暴力犯罪行为：肢体冲突、用武器威胁他人以及用武器伤害他人。逻辑回归模型检验了每种环境特征与暴力犯罪之间的关联。
社区更好的步行便利性与显著更低的冲突几率相关（调整后的优势比（AOR）=0.86，95%置信区间为0.76至0.99）。烟酒销售点与略低的暴力犯罪几率相关（AOR为0.89 - 0.96）。
这项研究将先前在大型城市中心进行的研究扩展到了中型城市环境，并表明适宜步行的社区为社交互动创造了机会，可能是青少年暴力的一个保护因素。
