Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 South McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2011 Apr;37(2):357-81. doi: 10.1037/a0021935.
Visual working memory (VWM) is widely thought to contain specialized buffers for retaining spatial and object information: a 'spatial-object architecture.' However, studies of adults, infants, and nonhuman animals show that visual cognition builds on core knowledge systems that retain more specialized representations: (1) spatiotemporal representations for object tracking, (2) object identity representations for object recognition, and (3) view-dependent snapshots for place recognition. In principle, these core knowledge systems may retain information separately from one another. Consistent with this hypothesis, this study provides evidence that these three types of information are subject to independent working memory storage limits. These results, combined with those from previous studies, indicate that VWM contains three specialized buffers for retaining spatiotemporal information, object identity information, and snapshot information. Thus, VWM buffers parallel core knowledge systems. This 'core knowledge architecture' links the study of visual working memory to the study of the biological foundations of visual cognition.
视觉工作记忆（VWM）被广泛认为包含用于保留空间和物体信息的专用缓冲区：一种“空间-物体架构”。然而，对成年人、婴儿和非人类动物的研究表明，视觉认知建立在保留更专业表示的核心知识系统之上：（1）用于对象跟踪的时空表示，（2）用于对象识别的对象身份表示，以及（3）用于位置识别的基于视图的快照。原则上，这些核心知识系统可以彼此独立地保留信息。本研究提供的证据与这一假设一致，表明这三种类型的信息受到独立工作记忆存储限制的影响。这些结果与之前研究的结果相结合，表明 VWM 包含三个用于保留时空信息、物体身份信息和快照信息的专用缓冲区。因此，VWM 缓冲区与核心知识系统并行。这种“核心知识架构”将视觉工作记忆的研究与视觉认知的生物基础研究联系起来。
