Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2011 Apr;4(4):502-11. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0098.
Colorectal cancer survivorship begins at diagnosis and continues throughout life. After diagnosis, survivors face the possibility of second cancers, long-term effects of cancer treatment, and comorbid conditions. Interventions that can provide primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention in this population are important. Physical activity has been shown to decrease colon cancer incidence and recurrence risk as well as improve quality of life and noncancer health outcomes including cardiovascular fitness in colon cancer survivors. The data are less robust for rectal cancer incidence and recurrence, although improvements in quality of life and health outcomes in rectal cancer survivors are also seen. Potential mechanisms for this benefit may occur through inflammatory or insulin-like growth factor pathways. The issues of colorectal cancer survivorship and the impact of physical activity on these issues are reviewed, with discussion of possible biologic mechanisms, barriers to physical activity intervention studies, and future research directions for physical activity in this burgeoning survivor population.
结直肠癌的生存始于诊断，并贯穿一生。诊断后，幸存者面临着发生第二原发癌、癌症治疗的长期影响以及合并症的可能性。在该人群中，提供初级、二级和三级预防的干预措施非常重要。体力活动已被证明可降低结肠癌的发病率和复发风险，以及改善生活质量和非癌症健康结果，包括结肠癌幸存者的心血管健康。尽管在直肠癌幸存者中也观察到生活质量和健康结果的改善，但关于直肠癌发病率和复发的数据则不那么确凿。这种益处的潜在机制可能通过炎症或胰岛素样生长因子途径发生。本文回顾了结直肠癌生存问题以及体力活动对这些问题的影响，并讨论了可能的生物学机制、体力活动干预研究的障碍以及体力活动在这一不断增长的幸存者人群中的未来研究方向。
