Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2012 Feb;42(2):221-9. doi: 10.1007/s10803-011-1233-x.
Fixating an emotional facial expression can create afterimages, such that subsequent faces are seen as having the opposite expression of that fixated. Visual afterimages have been used to map the relationships among emotion categories, and this method was used here to compare ASD and matched control participants. Participants adapted to a facial expression for 45 s then saw a neutral face for 800 ms and chose a label to describe the latter. The ASD group showed evidence of afterimages, but atypical patterns of opposition: whereas fixating negative emotions uniformly evokes a positive afterimage in the control group, fixating negative emotions was more likely to evoke a negative afterimage in the ASD group. This study was the first to provide evidence of visual aftereffects in ASD and suggests a different psychological organization among emotions in those with ASD.
固定一个情绪化的面部表情可以产生后像，以至于随后的面孔被视为具有与固定表情相反的表情。视觉后像已被用于映射情绪类别之间的关系，本研究采用这种方法来比较 ASD 和匹配的对照组参与者。参与者先固定一个面部表情 45 秒，然后看 800 毫秒的中性面孔，并选择一个标签来描述后者。ASD 组表现出后像的证据，但表现出非典型的对立模式：在对照组中，固定负面情绪一致地引起正面后像，而在 ASD 组中，固定负面情绪更有可能引起负面后像。这项研究首次提供了 ASD 中视觉后效的证据，并表明 ASD 患者的情绪存在不同的心理组织。
