Smilow Neuroscience Program, Smilow Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2011;34:535-67. doi: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113717.
In this review, we first provide a historical perspective of inhibitory signaling from the discovery of inhibition through to our present understanding of the diversity and mechanisms by which GABAergic interneuron populations function in different parts of the telencephalon. This is followed by a summary of the mechanisms of inhibition in the CNS. With this as a starting point, we provide an overview describing the variations in the subtypes and origins of inhibitory interneurons within the pallial and subpallial divisions of the telencephalon, with a focus on the hippocampus, somatosensory, paleo/piriform cortex, striatum, and various amygdala nuclei. Strikingly, we observe that marked variations exist in the origin and numerical balance between GABAergic interneurons and the principal cell populations in distinct regions of the telencephalon. Finally we speculate regarding the attractiveness and challenges of establishing a unifying nomenclature to describe inhibitory neuron diversity throughout the telencephalon.
在这篇综述中，我们首先从抑制作用的发现开始，回顾其历史发展进程，阐述 GABA 能中间神经元在大脑皮质不同区域发挥功能的多样性及其机制，之后概述中枢神经系统的抑制机制。在此基础上，我们概述了大脑皮质的皮层和皮层下区域内抑制性中间神经元的亚型和起源的变化，重点介绍了海马体、感觉躯体、古/梨状皮层、纹状体和各种杏仁核核。值得注意的是，我们观察到在大脑皮质不同区域 GABA 能中间神经元与主要细胞群的起源和数量平衡存在显著差异。最后，我们推测建立一个统一的命名法来描述整个大脑皮质抑制神经元多样性的吸引力和挑战。
