Danglot Lydia, Triller Antoine, Marty Serge
Laboratoire de Biologie de la Synapse Normale et Pathologique, Unité Inserm U789, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
Hippocampus. 2006;16(12):1032-60. doi: 10.1002/hipo.20225.
Interneurons are GABAergic neurons responsible for inhibitory activity in the adult hippocampus, thereby controlling the activity of principal excitatory cells through the activation of postsynaptic GABAA receptors. Subgroups of GABAergic neurons innervate specific parts of excitatory neurons. This specificity indicates that particular interneuron subgroups are able to recognize molecules segregated on the membrane of the pyramidal neuron. Once these specific connections are established, a quantitative regulation of their strength must be performed to achieve the proper balance of excitation and inhibition. We will review when and where interneurons are generated. We will then detail their migration toward and within the hippocampus, and the maturation of their morphological and neurochemical characteristics. We will finally review potential mechanisms underlying the development of GABAergic interneurons.
中间神经元是γ-氨基丁酸能神经元，负责成年海马体中的抑制性活动，从而通过激活突触后γ-氨基丁酸A受体来控制主要兴奋性细胞的活动。γ-氨基丁酸能神经元亚群支配兴奋性神经元的特定部位。这种特异性表明特定的中间神经元亚群能够识别锥体细胞膜上分离的分子。一旦建立了这些特定连接，就必须对其强度进行定量调节，以实现兴奋与抑制的适当平衡。我们将回顾中间神经元产生的时间和地点。然后，我们将详细介绍它们向海马体迁移以及在海马体内迁移的过程，以及它们形态和神经化学特征的成熟过程。最后，我们将回顾γ-氨基丁酸能中间神经元发育的潜在机制。
