School of Social Work, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207, USA.
Child Maltreat. 2011 May;16(2):102-13. doi: 10.1177/1077559511402985. Epub 2011 Apr 6.
This study investigated whether more complex maltreatment experiences predicted higher levels of depressive symptomatology for young adults and examined the role of social support during late adolescence in that association. Specifically, the study tested whether social support had a direct effect on depression and whether it mediated and/or moderated the relationship between self-reported maltreatment and depression in a sample of 513 youth exiting the child welfare system. Indices of maltreatment types (neglect and physical, sexual, psychological abuse) experienced during two periods (precare and during-care) were used in conjunction with a measure of perceived social support (reflecting support availability and social network sufficiency) in negative binomial regression models predicting depressive symptoms. Both precare and during-care maltreatment were associated with depressive symptoms as a young adult. Social support had a direct effect on depressive symptoms as well as moderation and partial mediation effects on the relationship between maltreatment and depression. Social support's buffering effect was stronger for those experiencing fewer types of maltreatment. This buffering effect appears to diminish as maltreatment histories become more complex.
本研究旨在探讨更为复杂的虐待经历是否会导致年轻人出现更高水平的抑郁症状，并检验青少年晚期社会支持在其中的作用。具体而言，本研究在一个由 513 名离开儿童福利系统的青年组成的样本中，测试了社会支持是否对抑郁有直接影响，以及它是否在自我报告的虐待与抑郁之间存在中介和/或调节作用。在负二项式回归模型中，结合了两个时期（照护前和照护中）经历的虐待类型（忽视和身体、性、心理虐待）指标，以及感知社会支持（反映支持的可获得性和社交网络的充足性）指标，来预测抑郁症状。照护前和照护中的虐待均与年轻人的抑郁症状有关。社会支持对抑郁症状有直接影响，对虐待与抑郁之间的关系也有调节和部分中介作用。对于经历较少类型虐待的人来说，社会支持的缓冲作用更强。随着虐待史变得更加复杂，这种缓冲效应似乎会减弱。
