1 Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA.
2 University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2018 Apr;33(7):1169-1191. doi: 10.1177/0886260515614561. Epub 2015 Nov 29.
This study compares the association of histories of childhood emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and physical neglect with revictimization among adolescent girls, and investigates the role of posttraumatic stress and symptoms of depression as mediators. Participants were 234 girls aged 12 to 19 years, who have been involved with the child welfare system in a Midwestern urban area. Data were collected from baseline surveys of a trauma-focused group program to which the participants were referred. The majority of participants were youths of color (75%) who were primarily African American (70%), and the remaining participants were White, non-Hispanic (25%). Data were collected through surveys that assessed histories of child abuse and neglect, symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression, and experiences of physical, verbal, and relational revictimization in the last 3 months. All types of abuse and neglect were significantly associated with higher frequencies of revictimization and higher levels of posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms. Parallel mediation analyses demonstrated that both posttraumatic stress and depression fully mediated the relationships between emotional abuse and revictimization, and sexual abuse and revictimization. Physical abuse was fully mediated by posttraumatic stress, but not by depression. Results also indicated that neither posttraumatic stress nor depression were mediators for the relationship between neglect and revictimization. There were similar pathways to revictimization in adolescents from emotional and sexual abuse through posttraumatic stress and depression. Evidence is mounting for the deleterious effects of emotional abuse. There is evidence that treatment of both posttraumatic stress and depression in emotionally and sexually abused adolescents involved in child welfare is warranted to prevent future revictimization.
本研究比较了童年期情感、身体和性虐待以及身体忽视史与少女再次受害之间的关联,并探讨了创伤后应激和抑郁症状作为中介的作用。参与者为 234 名 12 至 19 岁的女孩,她们曾在中西部城市地区的儿童福利系统中接受过帮助。数据来自于一个创伤聚焦小组项目的基线调查,参与者被转介到该项目。大多数参与者为有色人种(75%),主要为非裔美国人(70%),其余参与者为白人,非西班牙裔(25%)。数据是通过调查收集的,这些调查评估了儿童虐待和忽视史、创伤后应激和抑郁症状,以及过去 3 个月内身体、言语和关系再次受害的经历。所有类型的虐待和忽视都与更高频率的再次受害、更高水平的创伤后应激和抑郁症状显著相关。平行中介分析表明,情感虐待和再次受害、性虐待和再次受害之间的关系都完全由创伤后应激和抑郁所中介。身体虐待完全由创伤后应激所中介,但不由抑郁所中介。结果还表明,无论是创伤后应激还是抑郁,都不是忽视与再次受害之间关系的中介。情感和性虐待的青少年再次受害有类似的途径,即通过创伤后应激和抑郁。有证据表明情感虐待具有有害影响。有证据表明,在儿童福利机构中治疗受情感和性虐待的青少年的创伤后应激和抑郁是必要的,以防止未来再次受害。
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