Jackson Yo, Gabrielli Joy, Fleming Kandace, Tunno Angela M, Makanui P Kalani
University of Kansas, Clinical Child Psychology Program, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Jul;38(7):1147-59. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.01.008. Epub 2014 Mar 5.
Within maltreatment research, type, frequency, and severity of abuse are often confounded and not always specifically documented. The result is samples that are often heterogeneous in regard to maltreatment experience, and the role of the different components of maltreatment in predicting outcome is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to identify and test the potential unique role of type, frequency, and severity of maltreatment to elucidate each variable's role in predicting outcome behavior. Data from 309 youth in foster care (ages 8-22) and their caregivers were collected using the Modified Maltreatment Classification System and the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, 2nd Edition (BASC2), to measure maltreatment exposure and behavioral outcome respectively. A measurement model of the BASC2 was completed to determine model fit within the sample data. A second confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was completed to determine the unique contributions of frequency and severity of maltreatment across four types of abuse to externalizing, internalizing, and adaptive behavior. The result of the CFA determined good fit of the BASC2 to the sample data after a few modifications. The result of the second CFA indicated that the paths from severity to externalizing behavior and adaptive behavior (reverse loading) were significant. Paths from frequency of abuse were not predictive of behavioral outcome. Maltreatment is a complex construct and researchers are encouraged to examine components of abuse that may be differentially related to outcome behavior for youth. Untangling the multifaceted nature of abuse is important and may have implications for identifying specific outcomes for youth exposed to maltreatment.
在虐待研究中，虐待的类型、频率和严重程度常常相互混淆，且并非总是有具体记录。结果导致样本在虐待经历方面往往具有异质性，而且虐待的不同组成部分在预测结果方面的作用尚不清楚。本研究的目的是识别并检验虐待的类型、频率和严重程度的潜在独特作用，以阐明每个变量在预测结果行为中的作用。使用改良的虐待分类系统和儿童行为评估系统第二版（BASC2）分别收集了309名寄养青少年（8至22岁）及其照顾者的数据，以测量虐待暴露情况和行为结果。完成了BASC2的测量模型，以确定其与样本数据的拟合度。进行了第二次验证性因素分析（CFA），以确定四种虐待类型中虐待频率和严重程度对外化行为、内化行为和适应性行为的独特贡献。CFA结果表明，经过一些修改后，BASC2与样本数据拟合良好。第二次CFA结果表明，从严重程度到外化行为和适应性行为的路径（反向负荷）具有显著性。虐待频率的路径不能预测行为结果。虐待是一个复杂的概念，鼓励研究人员研究虐待的各个组成部分，这些部分可能与青少年的结果行为存在不同的关联。梳理虐待的多面性很重要，可能对确定遭受虐待青少年的具体结果具有启示意义。
