Effect of the identity of Xaa on the fragmentation modes of doubly-protonated Ala-Ala-Xaa-Ala-Ala-Ala-Arg.

The product ion mass spectra resulting from collisional activation of doubly-protonated tryptic-type peptides Ala-Ala-Xaa-Ala-Ala-Ala-Arg have been determined for Xaa = Ala(A), Ser(S), Val(V), Thr(T), Ile(I), Phe(F), Tyr(Y), Sar, Met(M), Trp(W), Pro(P), and Gln(Q). The major fragmentation reaction involves cleavage of the second amide bond (counting from the N-terminus) except for Xaa = Ser and Thr where elimination of H(2)O from the M + 2H ion forms the base peak. In general, the extent of cleavage of the second amide bond shows little dependence on the identity of Xaa and little dependence on whether the bond cleavage involves symmetrical bond cleavage to form a y(5)/b(2) ion pair or asymmetrically to form y (5) (+2) and a neutral b(2) species. Notable exceptions to this generalization occur for Xaa equal to Pro or Sar. For Xaa = Pro only cleavage of the second amide bond is observed, consistent with a pronounced proline effect, i.e., cleavage N-terminal to Pro. When Xaa = Sar considerably enhanced cleavage of the second amide bond also is observed, suggesting that at least part of the proline effect relates to the tertiary nature of the amide nitrogen. In the competition between symmetric and asymmetric bond cleavage an attempt to establish a linear free energy correlation in relating ln(y(5)(+2)/y(5)) to PA(H-Xaa-OH) did not lead to a reasonable correlation although the trend of increasing y(5)(+2)/y(5) ratio with increasing proton affinity of H-Xaa-OH was clear. Proline showed a unique behavior in giving a much higher y(5)(+2)/y(5) ratio than any of the other residues studied.