Lis Paweł, Litwin Ireneusz, Maciaszczyk-Dziubińska Ewa
Zakład Genetyki, Instytut Genetyki i Mikrobiologii, Wydział Nauk Biologicznych, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wrocław.
Postepy Biochem. 2010;56(4):400-8.
Mechanisms of arsenic uptake and detoxification are present in all studied organisms. These mechanisms are considerably well described in unicellular organisms such as bacterium Escherichia coli and baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, still leaving much to be revealed in multicellular organisms. Full identification of arsenic uptake and detoxification is of great importance. This knowledge can be very helpful in improving effectiveness of arsenic-containing drugs used in chemotherapy of parasitoses as well as in treatment of acute promielyocytic leukemia. Increased proficiency of bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated soils can be obtained by using plants hyperaccumulating arsenic. This kind of plants can be engineered by modulating expression levels of genes encoding arsenic transporters. The same technique may be used to decrease levels of accumulated arsenic in crops. The aim of this paper is to review current knowledge about systems of arsenic uptake in every studied organism--from bacteria to human.
所有被研究的生物体中都存在砷摄取和解毒机制。在单细胞生物如大肠杆菌和酿酒酵母中，这些机制已有相当详尽的描述，但在多细胞生物中仍有许多有待揭示之处。全面鉴定砷摄取和解毒机制非常重要。这些知识对于提高用于寄生虫病化疗以及急性早幼粒细胞白血病治疗的含砷药物的疗效可能非常有帮助。通过使用砷超积累植物，可以提高对砷污染土壤的生物修复能力。可以通过调节编码砷转运蛋白的基因的表达水平来培育这类植物。同样的技术可用于降低作物中积累的砷含量。本文的目的是综述目前关于从细菌到人类的每一种被研究生物体中的砷摄取系统的知识。
