Associação para o Desenvolvimento e Cooperação Garcia de Orta, Lisbon, Portugal.
Hum Resour Health. 2011 Apr 7;9:9. doi: 10.1186/1478-4491-9-9.
The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the professional expectations of medical students during the 2007-2008 academic year at the public medical schools of Angola, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique, and to identify their social and geographical origins, their professional expectations and difficulties relating to their education and professional future.
Data were collected through a standardised questionnaire applied to all medical students registered during the 2007-2008 academic year.
Students decide to study medicine at an early age. Relatives and friends seem to have an especially important influence in encouraging, reinforcing and promoting the desire to be a doctor.The degree of feminization of the student population differs among the different countries.Although most medical students are from outside the capital cities, expectations of getting into medical school are already associated with migration from the periphery to the capital city, even before entering medical education.Academic performance is poor. This seems to be related to difficulties in accessing materials, finances and insufficient high school preparation.Medical students recognize the public sector demand but their expectations are to combine public sector practice with private work, in order to improve their earnings. Salary expectations of students vary between the three countries.Approximately 75% want to train as hospital specialists and to follow a hospital-based career. A significant proportion is unsure about their future area of specialization, which for many students is equated with migration to study abroad.
Medical education is an important national investment, but the returns obtained are not as efficient as expected. Investments in high-school preparation, tutoring, and infrastructure are likely to have a significant impact on the success rate of medical schools. Special attention should be given to the socialization of students and the role model status of their teachers.In countries with scarce medical resources, the hospital orientation of students' expectations is understandable, although it should be associated with the development of skills to coordinate hospital work with the network of peripheral facilities. Developing a local postgraduate training capacity for doctors might be an important strategy to help retain medical doctors in the home country.
本文旨在描述和分析 2007-2008 学年期间安哥拉、几内亚比绍和莫桑比克公立医学院学生的专业期望，并确定他们的社会和地理来源、专业期望以及与教育和职业未来相关的困难。
通过对 2007-2008 学年期间注册的所有医学生进行标准化问卷调查收集数据。
学生在很小的时候就决定学医。亲戚和朋友似乎对鼓励、加强和促进成为医生的愿望具有特别重要的影响。学生人口的女性化程度在不同国家有所不同。尽管大多数医学生都来自首都以外的城市，但进入医学院的期望已经与从外围向首都迁移相关联，甚至在进入医学教育之前就已经如此。学业成绩较差。这似乎与获取材料、资金和高中准备不足有关。医学生认识到公共部门的需求，但他们期望将公共部门的实践与私人工作相结合，以提高收入。学生的工资期望因三个国家而异。大约 75%的学生希望成为医院专家，并从事以医院为基础的职业。相当一部分学生对自己的未来专业领域不确定，对许多学生来说，这等同于到国外留学。
医学教育是一项重要的国家投资，但获得的回报并不如预期的那样有效。对高中准备、辅导和基础设施的投资可能会对医学院的成功率产生重大影响。应特别关注学生的社会化和教师的榜样地位。在医疗资源匮乏的国家，学生期望的医院导向是可以理解的，尽管它应该与发展协调医院工作与外围设施网络的技能联系起来。发展本国医生的研究生培训能力可能是帮助留住本国医生的一项重要战略。
