U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Charleston, SC, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2011 Aug;67(8):1023-8. doi: 10.1002/ps.2155. Epub 2011 Apr 7.
The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is an important pest of vegetables and many other crops worldwide. Eight biorational insecticides (based on oil, plant derivatives, insect growth regulator and fungus) were evaluated in the field for their influence on populations of six natural enemies of B. tabaci. Natural populations of two predators [Chrysoperla carnea Stephen (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Orius spp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)] and two genera of parasitoids [Encarsia spp. and Eretmocerus spp. (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)] were evaluated in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Also, augmented field populations of three predators [C. carnea, Coccinella undecimpunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Macrolophus caliginosus (Wagner) (Hemiptera: Miridae)] were evaluated in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and squash (Cucurbita pepo L.).
Regardless of natural enemy or crop, jojoba oil, Biovar and Neemix had the least effect on abundance of the natural enemies in comparison with the other insecticides during a 14 day evaluation period. Conversely, Admiral, KZ oil, Mesrona oil, Mesrona oil + sulfur and natural oil had a high detrimental effect on abundance of the natural enemies.
These results demonstrate the differential effects of biorational insecticides for whitefly control on predators and parasitoids in the field.
甘薯粉虱，烟粉虱（Gennadius）（半翅目：粉虱科），是全世界蔬菜和许多其他作物的重要害虫。八种生物合理杀虫剂（基于油、植物衍生物、昆虫生长调节剂和真菌）在田间进行了评估，以研究它们对烟粉虱的六种天敌种群的影响。两种捕食者[智利小植绥螨（Neuroptera：智利小植绥螨科）和小花蝽属（Hemiptera：小花蝽科）]和两种寄生蜂[恩蚜小蜂属和伊氏恩蚜小蜂属（Hymenoptera：蚜小蜂科）]的自然种群在茄子（茄子属）中进行了评估。此外，还在白菜（芸薹属芸薹种）、黄瓜（黄瓜属）和南瓜（南瓜属）中评估了三种捕食者[智利小植绥螨、十三星瓢虫（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）和大草蛉（半翅目：草蛉科）]的野外种群增加情况。
无论天敌或作物如何，与其他杀虫剂相比，在 14 天的评估期内，荷荷芭油、生物变种和印楝素对天敌数量的影响最小。相反，海军上将、KZ 油、美索罗那油、美索罗那油+硫磺和天然油对天敌数量有很高的不利影响。
这些结果表明，生物合理杀虫剂对白粉虱的控制对田间捕食者和寄生蜂有不同的影响。
