SUNY College of Optometry, New York, NY, USA.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2011 Sep;31(5):502-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2011.00834.x. Epub 2011 Apr 12.
Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is the combination of eye and vision problems associated with the use of computers. In modern western society the use of computers for both vocational and avocational activities is almost universal. However, CVS may have a significant impact not only on visual comfort but also occupational productivity since between 64% and 90% of computer users experience visual symptoms which may include eyestrain, headaches, ocular discomfort, dry eye, diplopia and blurred vision either at near or when looking into the distance after prolonged computer use. This paper reviews the principal ocular causes for this condition, namely oculomotor anomalies and dry eye. Accommodation and vergence responses to electronic screens appear to be similar to those found when viewing printed materials, whereas the prevalence of dry eye symptoms is greater during computer operation. The latter is probably due to a decrease in blink rate and blink amplitude, as well as increased corneal exposure resulting from the monitor frequently being positioned in primary gaze. However, the efficacy of proposed treatments to reduce symptoms of CVS is unproven. A better understanding of the physiology underlying CVS is critical to allow more accurate diagnosis and treatment. This will enable practitioners to optimize visual comfort and efficiency during computer operation.
计算机视觉综合征（CVS）是指与使用计算机相关的眼部和视觉问题的综合病症。在现代西方社会，人们几乎普遍将计算机用于职业和业余活动。然而，CVS 不仅会对视觉舒适度产生重大影响，还会对职业生产力产生影响，因为 64% 至 90%的计算机用户在长时间使用计算机后会出现视觉症状，包括眼疲劳、头痛、眼部不适、干眼症、复视和视力模糊，无论是在近距离还是在远距离观察时。本文综述了导致这种情况的主要眼部原因，即眼球运动异常和干眼症。与阅读印刷材料相比，电子屏幕的调节和聚散反应似乎相似，而在计算机操作过程中，干眼症症状更为普遍。这可能是由于眨眼频率和眨眼幅度降低，以及由于监视器经常位于主注视位置而导致的角膜暴露增加所致。然而，减少 CVS 症状的建议治疗方法的效果尚未得到证实。更好地理解 CVS 的生理基础对于更准确的诊断和治疗至关重要。这将使从业者能够在计算机操作过程中优化视觉舒适度和效率。
