Travel Clinic North Shore, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2011 May;9(3):144-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2011.03.002. Epub 2011 Apr 9.
The recent discovery that Plasmodium knowlesi causes malaria in human populations, established it as the fifth species of plasmodium that may do so. A case of P. knowlesi malaria is described in a helicopter pilot from New Zealand, who became ill after returning from recurring visits to Malaysian Borneo in June 2010. His P. knowlesi infection was not detected using microscopic examination and a rapid diagnostic test for malaria, but was confirmed by both PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and sequence analysis showing homology with the ribosomal RNA gene for P. knowlesi. He responded rapidly to treatment with artemether & lumefantrine combination. The evolution of a rapid diagnostic kit to diagnose P. knowlesi is needed, for early identification and appropriate anti-malarial therapy of suspect cases are both critical in the prevention of the potentially life-threatening disease through P. knowlesi. Clinicians need to consider knowlesi infection in the differential diagnosis in recent-onset febrile travellers to areas of forestation in Southeast Asia.
最近发现间日疟原虫可引起人类疟疾，确立了它为可能导致该疾病的第五种疟原虫。描述了一位来自新西兰的直升机飞行员的间日疟原虫疟疾病例，他在 2010 年 6 月多次前往马来西亚婆罗洲后患病。他的间日疟原虫感染未通过显微镜检查和疟疾快速诊断检测到，但通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）和序列分析得到证实，显示与间日疟原虫核糖体 RNA 基因具有同源性。他对青蒿琥酯和甲氟喹联合治疗反应迅速。需要开发一种快速诊断试剂盒来诊断间日疟原虫，因为早期识别和对疑似病例进行适当的抗疟治疗对于预防通过间日疟原虫导致的潜在危及生命的疾病都至关重要。临床医生需要在最近出现发热的前往东南亚森林地区的旅行者的鉴别诊断中考虑间日疟原虫感染。
