Lee Sang Joon, Urm Sang Hwa, Yu Byeng Chul, Sohn Hae Sook, Hong Young Seoub, Noh Maeng Seok, Lee Yong Hwan
Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Korea.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2011 Jan;44(1):56-64. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.1.56.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlated factors of high myopia in 19 year-old men in Southeast Korea.
This retrospective study was based on the medical checkup data of conscription during 2005. The study subjects were 19 years old men in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongsangnam-do. The health checkup data of the conscripts consisted of noncycloplegic autorefraction test, the biometric data and social factors. To analyze the social and biometric effects, we classified the biometric factors into 4 or 5 groups and the social factors into 3 groups. High myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of under -6.0 diopter. Data analysis was performed using the chi square test for trends and multiple logistic regression analysis. The SAS (version 9.1) program was used for all the analyses.
The prevalence of high myopia was 12.39% (6256 /50,508). The factors correlated with high myopia were the residence area (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.77 to 2.4 for small city; OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.72 to 2.34 for metropolis; the reference group was rural area), academic achievement (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.34 to 1.53 for students of 4-and 6-year-course university; the reference group was high school graduates & under) and blood pressure (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.16 for hypertension; OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.17 for prehypertension; OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.20 for hypotension; the reference group was normal blood pressure).
More than one tenth of the young men were high myopia as one of the risk factor for visual loss. Further studies on high myopia and its complications are needed to improve eye health in Southeast Korea.
本研究旨在评估韩国东南部19岁男性中高度近视的患病率及其相关因素。
这项回顾性研究基于2005年征兵体检数据。研究对象为釜山、蔚山和庆尚南道的19岁男性。应征者的健康体检数据包括非散瞳自动验光测试、生物测量数据和社会因素。为分析社会和生物测量因素的影响，我们将生物测量因素分为4或5组，社会因素分为3组。高度近视定义为等效球镜度数低于-6.0屈光度。采用趋势卡方检验和多重逻辑回归分析进行数据分析。所有分析均使用SAS（9.1版）程序。
高度近视的患病率为12.39%（6256/50508）。与高度近视相关的因素包括居住地区（小城市的比值比[OR]为2.07；95%置信区间[CI]为1.77至2.4；大城市的OR为2.01；95%CI为1.72至2.34；参照组为农村地区）、学业成绩（4年制和6年制大学学生的OR为1.43；95%CI为1.34至1.53；参照组为高中及以下学历毕业生）和血压（高血压的OR为1.54；95%CI为1.10至2.16；高血压前期的OR为1.09；95%CI为1.02至1.17；低血压的OR为1.10；95%CI为1.01至1.20；参照组为血压正常）。
超过十分之一的年轻男性患有高度近视，这是视力丧失的危险因素之一。需要对高度近视及其并发症进行进一步研究，以改善韩国东南部的眼部健康。
