Liu Linglin, Li Heng, Tang Zhijin, Huang Zaihong, Yang Xu
Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital of Suining City, Suining, 629000 Sichuan Province, China.
Appl Bionics Biomech. 2022 May 26;2022:4845713. doi: 10.1155/2022/4845713. eCollection 2022.
To investigate the prevalence of refractive errors among school children in Suining City, Sichuan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of myopia.
This was a school-based cross-sectional study. Children aged 6-15 years were selected from kindergartens, primary schools, and middle schools in the urban setting of Suining City. The children underwent ocular examination including measurement of uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), visual acuity when wearing glasses, and noncycloplegic autorefractometry.
Of the 1200 eligible students, 1138 children (94.8%), 553 of them girls (47.4%), participated. The mean age was 10.64 ± 2.89 years. The prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and emmetropia was 59.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 57.6, 60.5), 5.0% (95% CI: 4.7, 6.1), 38.4% (95% CI: 55.5, 58.5), and 25% (95% CI: 23.7, 26.2), respectively. In univariate analysis, the prevalence of myopia was correlated with age, female gender, and learning stage. The prevalence of hyperopia and astigmatism was correlated with age and learning stage. The prevalence of mild myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia in the 1138 students was 17.7%, 41.4%, and 3.3%, respectively. The prevalence of mild, moderate, and high myopia all increased with age and learning stage. The prevalence of myopia differed by gender. The mean spherical equivalents of the right and left eyes were -1.40 ± 1.99 diopters (D) and -1.29 ± 1.93 D, respectively, and the median values were -0.75 D and -0.6 D, respectively. The mean spherical equivalent increased with age, learning stage, and female gender.
The most common type of refractive error was myopia which was associated with higher age, female gender, and higher learning stage. This study provides new data and recommendations for myopia-control in school-aged children in Sichuan province.
调查四川省遂宁市在校儿童屈光不正的患病率，为近视防控提供科学依据。
这是一项基于学校的横断面研究。从遂宁市城区的幼儿园、小学和中学选取6至15岁的儿童。这些儿童接受了眼科检查，包括测量裸眼视力（UCVA）、戴眼镜时的视力以及非散瞳自动验光。
在1200名符合条件的学生中，1138名儿童（94.8%）参与，其中女生553名（47.4%）。平均年龄为10.64±2.89岁。近视、远视、散光和正视的患病率分别为59.1%（95%置信区间（CI）：57.6，60.5）、5.0%（95%CI：4.7，6.1）、38.4%（95%CI：55.5，58.5）和25%（95%CI：23.7，26.2）。单因素分析显示，近视患病率与年龄、女性性别和学习阶段相关。远视和散光患病率与年龄和学习阶段相关。1138名学生中轻度近视、中度近视和高度近视的患病率分别为1十七.7%、41.4%和3.3%。轻度、中度和高度近视的患病率均随年龄和学习阶段增加。近视患病率存在性别差异。右眼和左眼的平均球镜当量分别为-1.40±1.99屈光度（D）和-1.29±1.93D，中位数分别为-0.75D和-0.6D。平均球镜当量随年龄、学习阶段和女性性别增加。
最常见的屈光不正类型是近视，其与较高年龄、女性性别和较高学习阶段相关。本研究为四川省学龄儿童近视防控提供了新的数据和建议。
