Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Ophthalmology. 2010 Jun;117(6):1155-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.10.025. Epub 2010 Feb 16.
To report the prevalence of refractive errors and the associated risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus from an urban Indian population.
Population-based, cross-sectional study.
One thousand eighty participants selected from a pool of 1414 subjects with diabetes.
A population-based sample of 1414 persons (age >40 years) with diabetes (identified as per the World Health Organization criteria) underwent a comprehensive eye examination, including objective and subjective refractions.
One thousand eighty subjects who were phakic in the right eye with best corrected visual acuity of > or =20/40 were included in the analysis for prevalence of refractive errors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done to find out the independent risk factors associated with the refractive errors.
The mean refraction was +0.20+/-1.72, and the Median, +0.25 diopters. The prevalence of emmetropia (spherical equivalent [SE], -0.50 to +0.50 diopter sphere [DS]) was 39.26%. The prevalence of myopia (SE <-0.50 DS), high myopia (SE <-5.00 DS), hyperopia (SE >+0.50 DS), and astigmatism (SE <-0.50 cyl) was 19.4%, 1.6%, 39.7%, and 47.4%, respectively. The advancing age was an important risk factor for the three refractive errors: for myopia, odds ratio (OR; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.06 [1.74-9.50]; for hyperopia, OR [95% CI] 5.85 [2.56-13.39]; and for astigmatism, OR [95% CI] 2.51 [1.34-4.71]). Poor glycemic control was associated with myopia (OR [95% CI] 4.15 [1.44-11.92]) and astigmatism (OR [95% CI] 2.01 [1.04-3.88]). Female gender was associated with hyperopia alone) OR [95% CI] 2.00 [1.42-2.82].
The present population-based study from urban India noted a high prevalence of refractive errors (60%) among diabetic subjects >40 years old; the prevalence of astigmatism (47%) was higher than hyperopia (40%) or myopia (20%).
报告印度城市人口 2 型糖尿病患者的屈光不正患病率及相关危险因素。
基于人群的横断面研究。
从 1414 名糖尿病患者中抽取 1080 名患者。
对 1414 名年龄>40 岁的糖尿病患者（按世界卫生组织标准确定）进行了一项基于人群的抽样调查，包括客观和主观验光。
右眼为生理性远视，最佳矫正视力≥20/40 的 1080 名患者纳入分析，以评估屈光不正的患病率。进行单变量和多变量分析，以找出与屈光不正相关的独立危险因素。
平均屈光度为+0.20+/-1.72，中位数为+0.25 屈光度。正视眼（等效球镜[SE]为-0.50 至+0.50 屈光度）的患病率为 39.26%。近视（SE <-0.50 DS）、高度近视（SE <-5.00 DS）、远视（SE >+0.50 DS）和散光（SE <-0.50 cyl）的患病率分别为 19.4%、1.6%、39.7%和 47.4%。年龄增长是三种屈光不正的重要危险因素：近视的优势比（OR；95%置信区间[CI]为 4.06[1.74-9.50]；远视的 OR[95%CI]为 5.85[2.56-13.39]；散光的 OR[95%CI]为 2.51[1.34-4.71]）。血糖控制不良与近视（OR[95%CI]为 4.15[1.44-11.92]）和散光（OR[95%CI]为 2.01[1.04-3.88]）相关。女性与单纯性远视（OR[95%CI]为 2.00[1.42-2.82]）相关。
本项来自印度城市的基于人群的研究发现，40 岁以上糖尿病患者的屈光不正患病率（60%）较高；散光（47%）的患病率高于远视（40%）或近视（20%）。
