Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine, University of Bremen, Germany.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2011 Apr;35 Suppl 1:S104-12. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.41.
To evaluate the influence of a standardised sampling protocol and process quality across the different IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants) centres on the results of the biochemical measurements.
Baseline survey within the community-based intervention study.
A total of 16,224 children, aged 2-8 years, enrolled in the IDEFICS baseline survey in 8 European countries. Venous or capillary blood samples were collected from 12,430 children, urine samples from 13,890 children and saliva samples from 14,019 children.
A set of quality indicators was recorded for the biological blood, urine and saliva samples collected during the IDEFICS study. Results of blood and urine measurements were analysed and stratified by selected quality indicators.
Concentrations of biological markers in blood and urine measured during the IDEFICS baseline survey are associated with several quality indicators assessed in this study. Between-country variations of these biomarkers are described. It was confirmed that fasting has a big influence on the concentration of certain biomarkers. Biomarkers in morning urine samples may be erroneous if the study subjects void during the night or if samples are not taken from the very first morning urine.
The analysed data underline that a standardised sampling protocol is of major importance, especially in multicentre studies, but non-compliance is ever present in spite of well-defined standard operation procedures. Deviations from the protocol should therefore always be documented to avoid error pertaining to the concentration of biological markers.
评估标准化采样方案和各 IDEFICS（儿童和婴儿饮食和生活方式相关健康影响的识别和预防）中心的过程质量对生化测量结果的影响。
基于社区的干预研究中的基线调查。
8 个欧洲国家共有 16224 名 2-8 岁儿童参加了 IDEFICS 基线调查。12430 名儿童采集了静脉或毛细血管血样，13890 名儿童采集了尿样，14019 名儿童采集了唾液样。
在 IDEFICS 研究中采集的生物血、尿和唾液样本记录了一套质量指标。分析了血液和尿液测量结果，并按选定的质量指标进行分层。
在 IDEFICS 基线调查期间测量的血液和尿液中的生物标志物浓度与本研究评估的几个质量指标有关。这些生物标志物的国家间差异也有描述。研究证实，空腹对某些生物标志物的浓度有很大影响。如果研究对象在夜间排尿或未采集晨尿的第一泡尿液，早晨尿样中的生物标志物可能是错误的。
分析数据强调了标准化采样方案的重要性，特别是在多中心研究中，但即使有明确的标准操作程序，也始终存在不遵守的情况。因此，应始终记录偏离方案的情况，以避免与生物标志物浓度有关的错误。
