Menzies School of Health Research, Institute of Advanced Studies, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory, Australia.
Am J Hum Biol. 2011 May-Jun;23(3):417-9. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.21133. Epub 2010 Dec 22.
The main objective of the work is to compare the growth and nutritional status of Australian Aboriginal term infants born with (n = 81) and without fetal growth restriction (n = 260). A prospective birth cohort study of 341 Aboriginal babies from the Top End of the Northern Territory of Australia was recruited at birth (1987-1990) and re-examined at a mean age of 18.3 years (2006-2008) for outcome measures of growth and nutrition status. Those with growth restriction at birth were 3 cm shorter (P = 0.0026) and 9 kg lighter (P = 0.0001) with head circumferences 0.95 cm smaller (P = 0.0008) than those without growth restriction. The proportions of growth restricted participants with body mass index <18.5 kg/m(2) were significantly greater (P = 0.028), and those with BMI > 25 kg/m(2) and with fat percentage >85th percentile were significantly smaller (P = 0.012 and 0.004, respectively). In this cohort, those Aboriginal babies born smaller and lighter have remained smaller and lighter at 18 years of age. However, the highest risk of later chronic noncommunicable disease has been reported in subjects who were born small and become relatively larger in later life. The continued study of this Aboriginal birth cohort will give us an opportunity to determine if and when in later life the effects of birth weight are modified by environmental nutritional factors.
本研究的主要目的是比较澳大利亚原住民足月产婴儿（n=81）和非胎儿生长受限（n=260）婴儿的生长和营养状况。本研究为前瞻性出生队列研究，于 1987-1990 年在澳大利亚北部地区顶端招募了 341 名原住民婴儿，于平均年龄 18.3 岁（2006-2008 年）时重新评估了生长和营养状况等结局指标。出生时存在生长受限的婴儿比无生长受限者身高矮 3cm（P=0.0026），体重大 9kg（P=0.0001），头围小 0.95cm（P=0.0008）。生长受限者中 BMI＜18.5kg/m2 的比例显著更高（P=0.028），BMI＞25kg/m2 和体脂率＞85%分位数的比例显著更低（P=0.012 和 0.004）。在本队列中，出生时较小和较轻的原住民婴儿在 18 岁时仍较小和较轻。然而，已有研究报道，出生时较小但之后相对较大的个体存在发生慢性非传染性疾病的最高风险。持续对该原住民出生队列进行研究，将使我们有机会确定出生体重的影响是否以及何时会被环境营养因素所改变。
