Pashler H
Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1990 Nov;16(4):826-42.
Some studies have suggested that dual-task interference is greatly reduced when tasks requiring very different types of responses (e.g., manual and vocal) are combined. However, in those studies, the order of stimuli varied unpredictably. In Experiments 1 and 2, variable stimulus order greatly inflated interference between two manual tasks, whereas interference between a manual and a vocal task was only slightly exacerbated. However, central interference (the psychological refractory period) persisted even with the manual/vocal combination. Selection of 2 manual responses with unknown stimulus order may require a special strategy to preclude intertask intrusion errors. Experiment 3 demonstrated that such errors could be provoked with speed stress. Together, these results reconcile response modality effects with the response selection bottleneck model for dual-task interference (once it is suitably amended).
一些研究表明，当需要非常不同类型反应（如手动和发声）的任务组合在一起时，双任务干扰会大大减少。然而，在那些研究中，刺激的顺序变化不可预测。在实验1和实验2中，可变的刺激顺序极大地增加了两个手动任务之间的干扰，而手动任务和发声任务之间的干扰仅略有加剧。然而，即使是手动/发声组合，中枢干扰（心理不应期）仍然存在。在刺激顺序未知的情况下选择两种手动反应可能需要一种特殊策略来防止任务间的侵入性错误。实验3表明，这种错误可能会因速度压力而引发。总之，这些结果使反应方式效应与双任务干扰的反应选择瓶颈模型相协调（一旦对其进行适当修正）。
