Grup de Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Cra, Valldemossa Km 7,5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Lipids Health Dis. 2011 Apr 12;10:52. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-10-52.
High-fat (HF) diet feeding usually leads to hyperphagia and body weight gain, but macronutrient proportions in the diet can modulate energy intake and fat deposition. The mechanisms of fat accumulation and mobilization may differ significantly between depots, and gender can also influence these differences.
To investigate, in rats of both sexes, the effect of an isocaloric intake of a diet with an unbalanced proportion of macronutrients on fatty acid composition of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues and how this is influenced by both dietary fatty acids and levels of proteins involved in tissue lipid handling.
Eight-week-old Wistar rats of both sexes were fed a control diet (3% w/w fat) or high-fat diet (30% w/w fat) for 14 weeks. Fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas-chromatography and levels of LPL, HSL, α2-AR, β3-AR, PKA and CPT1 were determined by Western blot.
The HF diet did not induce hyperphagia or body weight gain, but promoted an increase of adiposity index only in male rats. HF diet produced an increase of the proportion of MUFA and a decrease in that of PUFA in both adipose depots and in both sexes. The levels of proteins involved in the adrenergic control of the lipolytic pathway increased in the gonadal fat of HF females, whereas LPL levels increased in the inguinal fat of HF males and decreased in that of females.
Sexual dimorphism in adiposity index reflects a differential sex response to dietary fatty acid content and could be related to the levels of the proteins involved in tissue lipid management.
高脂肪（HF）饮食喂养通常会导致过度进食和体重增加，但饮食中的宏量营养素比例可以调节能量摄入和脂肪沉积。脂肪积累和动员的机制在不同部位可能有很大的不同，性别也会影响这些差异。
在雄性和雌性大鼠中，研究摄入不平衡宏量营养素比例的等热量饮食对内脏和皮下脂肪组织中脂肪酸组成的影响，以及饮食中的脂肪酸和参与组织脂质处理的蛋白质水平如何影响这种影响。
8 周龄雄性和雌性 Wistar 大鼠分别喂食对照饮食（3%w/w 脂肪）或高脂肪饮食（30%w/w 脂肪）14 周。通过气相色谱法分析脂肪酸组成，通过 Western blot 测定 LPL、HSL、α2-AR、β3-AR、PKA 和 CPT1 的水平。
HF 饮食不会引起过度进食或体重增加，但仅在雄性大鼠中促进了肥胖指数的增加。HF 饮食增加了 MUFA 的比例，减少了 PUFA 的比例，无论是在哪个脂肪部位，还是在雄性和雌性大鼠中。参与脂肪酶解途径肾上腺素能控制的蛋白质水平在 HF 雌性大鼠的性腺脂肪中增加，而 LPL 水平在 HF 雄性大鼠的腹股沟脂肪中增加，在雌性大鼠的腹股沟脂肪中减少。
肥胖指数的性别二态性反映了对饮食中脂肪酸含量的不同性别反应，可能与参与组织脂质管理的蛋白质水平有关。
