Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiotherapy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Cerebrovasc Dis. 2011;31(6):566-72. doi: 10.1159/000324627. Epub 2011 Apr 12.
Memory self-efficacy (MSE) is the belief about one's mastery of memory functioning. In healthy elderly, memory complaints are related to MSE rather than to objectively measured memory capacity. MSE has scarcely been studied in patients that suffered a stroke. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to examine whether memory capacity and MSE can predict the presence of memory complaints in stroke patients, and (2) to study which variables are the best predictors of MSE.
In a cross-sectional study, 136 stroke patients (>18 months after onset) were recruited from April 2008 to November 2009. MSE was measured using the Metamemory in Adulthood questionnaire. Depression, coping and personality were measured using validated questionnaires, and memory performance was measured using the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT) and the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT). Patients were divided into a 'complaints' and a 'no complaints' group.
A lower MSE score was an independent predictor of having memory complaints (adjusted odds ratio: 0.422; p = 0.000), adjusted for age and depression. The RBMT and AVLT scores did not predict the presence of memory complaints (p > 0.263). Presence of memory complaints and depression were the strongest predictors of MSE (B = -1.748, p = 0.000; B = -0.054, p = 0.000), followed by word fluency, not having a partner and side of stroke (B = 0.038, p = 0.012; B = -0.517, p = 0.082; B = -0.479, p = 0.088).
Memory complaints are predicted by MSE rather than memory capacity. MSE memory training might be an effective training strategy for reducing memory complaints in selected chronic stroke patients.
记忆自我效能（MSE）是指个体对自身记忆功能的掌握程度的信念。在健康老年人中，记忆主诉与 MSE 相关，而与客观测量的记忆能力无关。MSE 在中风患者中几乎没有被研究过。本研究的目的有两个：（1）检验记忆能力和 MSE 是否可以预测中风患者的记忆主诉的存在，（2）研究哪些变量是 MSE 的最佳预测指标。
在一项横断面研究中，我们于 2008 年 4 月至 2009 年 11 月招募了 136 名中风后>18 个月的患者。使用成人元记忆问卷（Metamemory in Adulthood questionnaire）来测量 MSE。使用经过验证的问卷来测量抑郁、应对和人格，使用 Rivermead 行为记忆测试（Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test，RBMT）和听觉词语学习测试（Auditory Verbal Learning Test，AVLT）来测量记忆表现。患者被分为“有主诉”和“无主诉”两组。
较低的 MSE 评分是存在记忆主诉的独立预测因子（调整后的优势比：0.422；p = 0.000），调整了年龄和抑郁因素。RBMT 和 AVLT 评分不能预测记忆主诉的存在（p > 0.263）。存在记忆主诉和抑郁是 MSE 的最强预测指标（B = -1.748，p = 0.000；B = -0.054，p = 0.000），其次是词语流畅性、无伴侣和中风侧（B = 0.038，p = 0.012；B = -0.517，p = 0.082；B = -0.479，p = 0.088）。
记忆主诉是由 MSE 而不是记忆能力来预测的。MSE 记忆训练可能是一种有效的训练策略，可以减少选定的慢性中风患者的记忆主诉。
