Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011 Jun;30(6):510-7. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182184ae7.
Since its discovery in 1956, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been recognized as one of the most common causes of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children worldwide. While considered a high priority, development of a safe and effective vaccine has remained elusive. Prevention of RSV disease relies on infection control and hygiene measures, as well as providing immunoprophylaxis in select infants. The prophylaxis, however, is costly, and so targeting the recipient population and timing of administration is important for optimal effectiveness and judicious use of limited health care resources. This article reviews the epidemiology of RSV infections in infants and young children, including risk factors for severe disease, so as to inform decisions about prevention efforts.
自 1956 年发现以来，呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）已被认为是全球范围内导致幼儿严重下呼吸道感染的最常见原因之一。虽然被认为是高度优先事项，但安全有效的疫苗的开发仍然难以实现。RSV 疾病的预防依赖于感染控制和卫生措施，以及在特定婴儿中提供免疫预防。然而，预防措施成本高昂，因此确定目标人群和管理时间对于最佳效果和明智利用有限的医疗保健资源非常重要。本文综述了婴儿和幼儿中 RSV 感染的流行病学，包括重症疾病的危险因素，以便为预防措施提供决策依据。
