Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5416, USA.
Poult Sci. 2011 May;90(5):1067-73. doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-01033.
The intestine of the newly hatched chick is immature at hatch. Yeast contains nucleotides and β-glucans that enhance intestinal development and chick growth. Accordingly, a 14-d experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a novel yeast product and bacitracin methylene disalicylate in enhancing early growth and intestinal maturation in chicks obtained from young (26-27 wk old) and old (58 to 59 wk old) breeder hens. Chicks (384) were randomly assigned to 8 dietary treatments. Treatment 1 (YH) consisted of chicks, from young hens, fed corn-soybean meal (SBM) diet alone. Treatment 2 (YHB) consisted of chicks, from young hens, fed corn-SBM basal into which BMD was added at 0.055 g/kg. Treatment 3 (YHE) consisted of chicks, from young hens, fed corn-SBM basal into which yeast extract (YE) was added at 0.075% level. Treatment 4 (YHED) consisted of chicks, from young hens, fed corn-SBM basal into which YE was added at 0.15% level. Treatments 5 (OH), 6 (OHB), 7 (OHE), and 8 (OHED) consisted of chicks from old hens fed diets similar to those given to YH in treatments 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Growth performance (body weight gain and feed conversion ratio) was evaluated on d 7 and 14. Intestinal tissue samples were also analyzed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity as an indicator of intestinal maturation on d 4 and 13 of experiment. Results showed that by d 14 of experiment, only BMD treatments (YHB and OHB) improved body weight gain (P < 0.05). However, the body weight gains of chicks in the yeast-supplemented treatments (YHE, YHED, OHE, and OHED) were statistically similar (P > 0.05) to those of the BMD treatments. Ileal ALP activity was consistently enhanced by BMD and yeast product supplemented at 0.075% of the diet. It was concluded that antibiotic BMD and our novel yeast product supplemented at 0.075% of the diet improved early chick growth and maturation of the ileal segment of the small intestine.
刚孵出的小鸡的肠道在孵化时尚未成熟。酵母含有核苷酸和β-葡聚糖，可促进肠道发育和小鸡生长。因此，进行了一项为期 14 天的实验，以评估一种新型酵母产品和杆菌肽甲基二水杨酸盐在提高来自年轻（26-27 周龄）和年老（58 至 59 周龄）种母鸡的小鸡早期生长和肠道成熟方面的功效。小鸡（384 只）被随机分配到 8 种饮食处理中。处理 1（YH）由来自年轻母鸡的小鸡组成，仅喂食玉米-豆粕（SBM）日粮。处理 2（YHB）由来自年轻母鸡的小鸡组成，喂食添加了 0.055 g/kg 杆菌肽甲基二水杨酸盐的玉米-SBM 基础日粮。处理 3（YHE）由来自年轻母鸡的小鸡组成，喂食添加了 0.075%酵母提取物（YE）的玉米-SBM 基础日粮。处理 4（YHED）由来自年轻母鸡的小鸡组成，喂食添加了 0.15%酵母提取物（YE）的玉米-SBM 基础日粮。处理 5（OH）、6（OHB）、7（OHE）和 8（OHED）由来自老母鸡的小鸡组成，它们分别喂食类似于处理 1、2、3 和 4 中给予 YH 的日粮。在第 7 天和第 14 天评估生长性能（体重增加和饲料转化率）。在实验的第 4 天和第 13 天还分析了肠道组织样本的碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性，作为肠道成熟的指标。结果表明，在实验的第 14 天，只有杆菌肽甲基二水杨酸盐（YHB 和 OHB）处理提高了体重增加（P < 0.05）。然而，补充酵母的处理（YHE、YHED、OHE 和 OHED）中小鸡的体重增加与杆菌肽甲基二水杨酸盐处理的体重增加统计学上相似（P > 0.05）。回肠 ALP 活性一直受到杆菌肽甲基二水杨酸盐和以日粮的 0.075%添加的新型酵母产品的增强。结论是，抗生素杆菌肽甲基二水杨酸盐和以日粮的 0.075%添加的新型酵母产品提高了早期小鸡的生长和小肠回肠段的成熟。
