Div. of Cardiology, Federico II Univ., Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2011 Jun;300(6):H1983-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00784.2010. Epub 2011 Apr 13.
Exercise adaptations result from a coordinated response of multiple organ systems, including cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine-metabolic, immunologic, and skeletal muscle. Among these, the cardiovascular system is the most directly affected by exercise, and it is responsible for many of the important acute changes occurring during physical training. In recent years, the development of animal models of pathological or physiological cardiac overload has allowed researchers to precisely analyze the complex cardiovascular responses to stress in genetically altered murine models of human cardiovascular disease. The intensity-controlled treadmill exercise represents a well-characterized model of physiological cardiac hypertrophy because of its ability to mimic the typical responses to exercise in humans. In this review, we describe cardiovascular adaptations to treadmill exercise in mice and the most important parameters that can be used to quantify such modifications. Moreover, we discuss how treadmill exercise can be used to perform physiological testing in mouse models of disease and to enlighten the role of specific signaling pathways on cardiac function.
运动适应是多个器官系统协调反应的结果，包括心血管、肺、内分泌代谢、免疫和骨骼肌。在这些系统中，心血管系统最直接受到运动的影响，它负责许多在体育训练过程中发生的重要急性变化。近年来，病理或生理心脏超负荷动物模型的发展使研究人员能够在基因改变的人类心血管疾病小鼠模型中精确分析对压力的复杂心血管反应。强度控制的跑步机运动是一种典型的生理性心脏肥大模型，因为它能够模拟人类对运动的典型反应。在这篇综述中，我们描述了小鼠跑步机运动的心血管适应以及可用于量化这些改变的最重要参数。此外，我们还讨论了跑步机运动如何用于疾病小鼠模型中的生理测试，并阐明特定信号通路对心脏功能的作用。
