Department of Urology and School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2011 May-Jun;38(3):233-41. doi: 10.1097/WON.0b013e318215f798.
Moisture-associated skin damage (MASD) is caused by prolonged exposure to various sources of moisture, including urine or stool, perspiration, wound exudate, mucus, saliva, and their contents. MASD is characterized by inflammation of the skin, occurring with or without erosion or secondary cutaneous infection. Multiple conditions may result in MASD; 4 of the most common forms are incontinence-associated dermatitis, intertriginous dermatitis, periwound moisture-associated dermatitis, and peristomal moisture-associated dermatitis. Although evidence is lacking, clinical experience suggests that MASD requires more than moisture alone. Instead, skin damage is attributable to multiple factors, including chemical irritants within the moisture source, its pH, mechanical factors such as friction, and associated microorganisms. To prevent MASD, clinicians need to be vigilant both in maintaining optimal skin conditions and in diagnosing and treating minor cases of MASD prior to progression and skin breakdown.
潮湿相关性皮肤损伤（MASD）是由长时间暴露于各种来源的潮湿环境引起的，包括尿液或粪便、汗液、伤口渗出物、黏液、唾液及其内容物。MASD的特征是皮肤炎症，可伴有或不伴有糜烂或继发皮肤感染。多种情况可能导致 MASD；其中最常见的 4 种形式是失禁相关性皮炎、皱褶性皮炎、伤口周围潮湿相关性皮炎和造口周围潮湿相关性皮炎。尽管缺乏证据，但临床经验表明，MASD 需要的不仅仅是潮湿。相反，皮肤损伤归因于多种因素，包括潮湿源内的化学刺激物、其 pH 值、摩擦等机械因素以及相关微生物。为了预防 MASD，临床医生不仅需要保持皮肤最佳状态，还需要在 MASD 进展和皮肤破裂之前对轻微病例进行诊断和治疗。
