Bhakat Mukesh, Mohanty T K, Raina V S, Gupta A K, Khan H M, Mahapatra R K, Sarkar M
Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2011 Aug;43(6):1161-8. doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-9817-1. Epub 2011 Apr 14.
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of season, period, age, bull, and ejaculate on semen quality in Sahiwal bulls. Semen production records from 1996 to 2006 of 5,483 ejaculates from 46 Sahiwal bulls maintained at Artificial Breeding Complex, NDRI, Karnal, India were analyzed using least square analysis of variance by LSML software package. The overall least squares means of ejaculate volume (VOL), total volume per day (VOLD), mass activity (MA), initial motility (IM), sperm concentration per ml (SPC), and sperm concentration per ejaculate (SPCE) were 3.79 ± 0.02 ml, 5.81 ± 0.06 ml, 2.32 ± 0.01, 55.47 ± 0.001%, 766.69 ± 5.50 × 10(6)/ml and 3023.25 ± 30.15 × 10(6), respectively. All semen traits (VOL, VOLD, MA, IM and SPCE) were significantly (P < 0.01) affected by age groups, season and period, whereas season had significant effect on VOL at 5% level. During hot-humid season, highest value of VOL, VOLD, MA, IM, SPC, and SPCE were observed followed by summer and cold season. Highest value of VOL, VOLD, IM, and SPCE were observed during period-3 (2004-2006), whereas highest value of MA and SPC were observed during period-1 (1996-1999). However, lowest magnitude of MA, IM, SPC, and SPCE during period-2 (2000-2003) was observed. Ejaculate characteristics like VOL, VOLD, and SPCE increased with the increasing age of bull up to 5 years and then decreased. Significant (P < 0.01) bull to bull variation was found in VOL, VOLD, MA, IM, SPC, and SPCE traits. First ejaculate had significantly (P < 0.01) higher MA, IM, SPC, and SPCE. Hence, it could be concluded that during rainy season and period-1 and period-3 the quality of semen is quantitatively and qualitatively good. Better quality semen was obtained up to 5 years of age in Sahiwal bulls.
本研究的目的是确定季节、时期、年龄、公牛和射精对萨希瓦尔公牛精液质量的影响。使用LSML软件包通过方差最小二乘法分析了印度卡纳尔NDRI人工繁殖中心饲养的46头萨希瓦尔公牛在1996年至2006年期间的5483次射精的精液生产记录。射精量（VOL）、每日总体积（VOLD）、活力（MA）、初始活力（IM）、每毫升精子浓度（SPC）和每次射精精子浓度（SPCE）的总体最小二乘均值分别为3.79±0.02毫升、5.81±0.06毫升、2.32±0.01、55.47±0.001%、766.69±5.50×10⁶/毫升和3023.25±30.15×10⁶。所有精液性状（VOL、VOLD、MA、IM和SPCE）均受到年龄组、季节和时期的显著（P<0.01）影响，而季节对VOL有5%水平的显著影响。在湿热季节，观察到VOL、VOLD、MA、IM、SPC和SPCE的最高值，其次是夏季和寒冷季节。在第3时期（2004 - 2006年）观察到VOL、VOLD、IM和SPCE的最高值，而在第1时期（1996 - 1999年）观察到MA和SPC的最高值。然而，在第2时期（2000 - 2003年）观察到MA、IM、SPC和SPCE的最低值。射精特征如VOL、VOLD和SPCE随着公牛年龄增长至5岁而增加，然后下降。在VOL、VOLD、MA、IM、SPC和SPCE性状中发现公牛之间存在显著（P<0.01）差异。首次射精的MA、IM、SPC和SPCE显著（P<0.01）更高。因此，可以得出结论，在雨季以及第1时期和第3时期，精液质量在数量和质量上都很好。萨希瓦尔公牛在5岁之前可获得质量更好的精液。
